Defiant behavior meaning

Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) - Symptoms and causes

Overview

Even the best-behaved children can be difficult and challenging at times. But oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) includes a frequent and ongoing pattern of anger, irritability, arguing and defiance toward parents and other authority figures. ODD also includes being spiteful and seeking revenge, a behavior called vindictiveness.

These emotional and behavioral issues cause serious problems with family life, social activities, school and work. But as a parent, you don't have to try to manage a child with ODD alone. Your health care provider, a mental health professional and a child development expert can help.

Treatment of ODD involves learning skills to help build positive family interactions and to manage problem behaviors. Other therapy, and possibly medicines, may be needed to treat related mental health conditions.

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Symptoms

Sometimes it's difficult to recognize the difference between a strong-willed or emotional child and one with oppositional defiant disorder. It's common for children to show oppositional behavior at certain stages of development.

Symptoms of ODD generally begin during preschool years. Sometimes ODD may develop later, but almost always before the early teen years. Oppositional and defiant behaviors are frequent and ongoing. They cause severe problems with relationships, social activities, school and work, for both the child and the family.

Emotional and behavioral symptoms of ODD generally last at least six months. They include angry and irritable mood, argumentative and defiant behavior, and hurtful and revengeful behavior.

Angry and irritable mood

Often and easily loses temper.
Is frequently touchy and easily annoyed by others.
Is often angry and resentful.

Argumentative and defiant behavior

Often argues with adults or people in authority.
Often actively defies or refuses to follow adults' requests or rules.
Often annoys or upsets people on purpose.
Often blames others for their own mistakes or misbehavior.

Hurtful and revengeful behavior

Says mean and hateful things when upset.
Tries to hurt the feelings of others and seeks revenge, also called being vindictive.
Has shown vindictive behavior at least twice in the past six months.

Severity

ODD can be mild, moderate or severe:

Mild. Symptoms occur only in one setting, such as only at home, school, work or with peers.
Moderate. Some symptoms occur in at least two settings.
Severe. Some symptoms occur in three or more settings.

For some children, symptoms may first be seen only at home. But with time, problem behavior also may happen in other settings, such as school, social activities and with friends.

When to see a doctor

Your child isn't likely to see their own behavior as a problem. Instead, your child will probably complain about unreasonable demands or blame others for problems.

If you think your child may have ODD or other problem behavior, or you're concerned about your ability to parent a challenging child, seek help from a child psychologist or a child psychiatrist with expertise in behavior problems. Ask your child's pediatrician or other health care provider for a referral to a mental health provider.

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Causes

There's no known clear cause of oppositional defiant disorder. Causes may include a combination of genetic and environmental factors:

Genetics. A child's natural personality or character — also called temperament — may contribute to developing ODD. Differences in the way nerves and the brain function also may play a role.
Environment. Problems with parenting that may involve a lack of supervision, inconsistent or harsh discipline, or abuse or neglect may contribute to developing ODD.

Risk factors

Oppositional defiant disorder is a complex problem. Possible risk factors for ODD include:

Temperament — a child who has a temperament that includes difficulty managing emotions, such as reacting with strong emotions to situations or having trouble tolerating frustration.
Parenting issues — a child who experiences abuse or neglect, harsh or inconsistent discipline, or a lack of proper supervision.
Other family issues — a child who lives with parent or family relationships that are unstable or has a parent with a mental health condition or substance use disorder.
Environment — problem behaviors that are reinforced through attention from peers and inconsistent discipline from other authority figures, such as teachers.

Complications

Children and teenagers with oppositional defiant disorder may have trouble at home with parents and siblings, in school with teachers, and at work with supervisors and other authority figures. Children and teens with ODD may struggle to make and keep friends and relationships.

ODD also may lead to other problems, such as:

Poor school and work performance.
Antisocial behavior.
Legal problems.
Impulse control problems.
Substance use disorder.
Suicide.

Many children and teens with ODD also have other mental health conditions, such as:

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Conduct disorder.
Depression.
Anxiety disorders.
Learning and communication disorders.

Treating these other mental health conditions may help reduce ODD symptoms. It may be difficult to treat ODD if these other conditions are not evaluated and treated appropriately.

Prevention

There's no sure way to prevent oppositional defiant disorder. But positive parenting and early treatment can help improve behavior and prevent the situation from getting worse. The earlier that ODD can be managed, the better.

Treatment can help restore your child's self-esteem and rebuild a positive relationship between you and your child. Your child's relationships with other important adults in their life — such as teachers and care providers — also will benefit from early treatment.

By Mayo Clinic Staff

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Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) in Children

What is oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) in children?

Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is a type of behavior disorder. It is mostly diagnosed in childhood. Children with ODD are uncooperative, defiant, and hostile toward peers, parents, teachers, and other authority figures. They are more troubling to others than they are to themselves.

What causes ODD in a child?

Researchers don’t know what causes ODD. But there are 2 main theories for why it occurs:

Developmental theory. This theory suggests that the problems start when children are toddlers. Children and teens with ODD may have had trouble learning to become independent from a parent or other main person to whom they were emotionally attached. Their behavior may be normal developmental issues that are lasting beyond the toddler years.
Learning theory. This theory suggests that the negative symptoms of ODD are learned attitudes. They mirror the effects of negative reinforcement methods used by parents and others in power. The use of negative reinforcement increases the child’s ODD behaviors. That’s because these behaviors allow the child to get what he or she wants: attention and reaction from parents or others.

Which children are at risk for ODD?

ODD is more common in boys than in girls. Children with the following mental health problems are also more likely to have ODD:

Mood or anxiety disorders
Conduct disorder
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

What are the symptoms of ODD in a child?

Most symptoms seen in children and teens with ODD also happen at times in other children without it. This is especially true for children around ages 2 or 3, or during the teen years. Many children tend to disobey, argue with parents, or defy authority. They may often behave this way when they are tired, hungry, or upset. But in children and teens with ODD, these symptoms happen more often. They also interfere with learning and school adjustment. And in some cases, they disrupt the child’s relationships with others.

Symptoms of ODD may include:

Having frequent temper tantrums
Arguing a lot with adults
Refusing to do what an adult asks
Always questioning rules and refusing to follow rules
Doing things to annoy or upset others, including adults
Blaming others for the child’s own misbehaviors or mistakes
Being easily annoyed by others
Often having an angry attitude
Speaking harshly or unkindly
Seeking revenge or being vindictive

These symptoms may look like other mental health problems. Make sure your child sees his or her healthcare provider for a diagnosis.

How is ODD diagnosed in a child?

If you notice symptoms of ODD in your child or teen, you can help by seeking a diagnosis right away. Early treatment can often prevent future problems.

A child psychiatrist or qualified mental health expert can diagnose ODD. He or she will talk with the parents and teachers about the child’s behavior and may observe the child. In some cases, your child may need mental health testing.

How is ODD treated in a child?

Early treatment can often prevent future problems. Treatment will depend on your child’s symptoms, age, and health. It will also depend on how bad the ODD is.

Children with ODD may need to try different therapists and types of therapies before they find what works for them. Treatment may include:

Cognitive-behavioral therapy. A child learns to better solve problems and communicate. He or she also learns how to control impulses and anger.
Family therapy. This therapy helps make changes in the family. It improves communication skills and family interactions. Having a child with ODD can be very hard for parents. It can also cause problems for siblings. Parents and siblings need support and understanding.
Peer group therapy. A child develops better social and interpersonal skills.
Medicines. These are not often used to treat ODD. But a child may need them for other symptoms or disorders, such as ADHD.

How can I help prevent ODD in my child?

Researchers don’t know what causes ODD. But certain approaches can help prevent the disorder. Young children be helped by early intervention programs that teach them social skills and how to deal with anger. For teens, talk therapy (psychotherapy), learning social skills, and getting help with schoolwork can all help reduce problem behaviors. School-based programs can also help to stop bullying and improve relationships among teens.

Parent-management training programs are also important. These programs teach parents how to manage their child’s behavior. Parents learn positive reinforcement methods, and also how to discipline their child.

How can I help my child live with ODD?

Early treatment for your child can often prevent future problems. Here are things you can do to help:

Keep all appointments with your child’s healthcare provider.
Take part in family therapy as needed.
Talk with your child’s healthcare provider about other providers who will be involved in your child’s care. Your child may get care from a team that may include counselors, therapists, social workers, psychologists, and psychiatrists. Your child’s care team will depend on his or her needs and how serious the disorder is.
Tell others about your child’s conduct disorder. Work with your child’s healthcare provider and school to develop a treatment plan.
Reach out for support. Being in touch with other parents who have a child with ODD may be helpful. If you feel overwhelmed or stressed out, talk with your child’s healthcare provider. He or she may direct you to a support group for caregivers of children with ODD.

When should I call my child’s healthcare provider?

Call your child’s healthcare provider right away if your child:

Feels extreme depression, fear, anxiety, or anger toward him or herself or others
Feels out of control
Hears voices that others don’t hear
Sees things that others don’t see
Can’t sleep or eat for 3 days in a row
Shows behavior that concerns friends, family, or teachers, and others express concern about this behavior and ask you to seek help

Call 911 if your child has suicidal thoughts, a suicide plan, and the means to carry out the plan.

Key points about ODD in children

Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is a type of behavior disorder. Children with ODD are uncooperative, defiant, and hostile toward peers, parents, teachers, and other authority figures.
Developmental problems may cause ODD. Or the behaviors may be learned.
A child with ODD may argue a lot with adults or refuse to do what they ask. He or she may also be unkind to others.
A mental health expert often diagnoses ODD.
Therapy that helps the child interact better with others is the main treatment. Medicines may be needed for other problems, such as ADHD.

Next steps

Tips to help you get the most from a visit to your child’s healthcare provider:

Know the reason for the visit and what you want to happen.
Before your visit, write down questions you want answered.
At the visit, write down the name of a new diagnosis, and any new medicines, treatments, or tests. Also write down any new instructions your provider gives you for your child.
Know why a new medicine or treatment is prescribed and how it will help your child. Also know what the side effects are.
Ask if your child’s condition can be treated in other ways.
Know why a test or procedure is recommended and what the results could mean.
Know what to expect if your child does not take the medicine or have the test or procedure.
If your child has a follow-up appointment, write down the date, time, and purpose for that visit.
Know how you can contact your child’s provider after office hours. This is important if your child becomes ill and you have questions or need advice.

Meaning, Synonyms, Definition, Sentences. What is challenging behavior

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Options | Examples

The meaning of the word "CALLER"

Containing a challenge (in 4 meanings), attracting attention with impudence, impudence.

See all meanings of the word CALLING

Meaning of the word "BEHAVIOR"

Way of life and actions.

See all meanings of BEHAVIOR

Synonyms

This reasoning was partly based on my defiant behavior in front of the caretaker Atherton and Dr. Jackson.

Only the most defiant behavior could push him to such a thing: of all my guests, he was the most meek and gentle in manner.

There is partial evidence that PPP can reduce challenging behavior.

There is preliminary evidence that TPN may reduce anxiety and challenging behavior.

Aggressive defiant behavior in adults with mental retardation is often treated with antipsychotics despite lack of evidence.

Other results

Hideyoshi's defiant, offensive behavior became the main topic of conversation at the feast.

The allegations of child abuse are extensive and burdensome, and Kurtwell's behavior is provocative and offensive to say the least.

Thus, the mutation causing this discriminatory behavior would itself benefit inclusive fitness and would be selected.

A hypothetical person without a sense of humor is likely to find the behavior that causes it inexplicable, strange, or even irrational.

The stimuli that cause instinctive behavior are selected from a wide field by the innate perceptual system, and this behavior is released.

This is contrary to epiphenomenalism because it involves a conscious state that causes overt verbal behavior.

Unlike hereditary predisposition to behaviors or addictive drugs, genetic intervention is not needed here.

If the child is angry at adults, she or he (usually he) has oppositional defiant behavior disorder.

She is interested in you because of your danger, your unpredictability and your provocative behavior.

In addition, there was something unexpected and provocative in the eccentricity of his behavior. And I was interested to see how he will hold on.

Sugar itself is not a factor in causing obesity and metabolic syndrome, but rather, when consumed in excess, is a component of unhealthy eating behavior.

Psychiatric drugs are psychoactive drugs prescribed to treat mental and emotional disorders or to help overcome challenging behavior.

A hallmark of anxiety behavior is the avoidance of situations that cause fear or anxiety.

Sleeping in the Aviary frontman Elliot Kozel called the album a gooey study of spine-tingling animal human behavior.

ODD is a disruptive behavior disorder characterized by oppositional, defiant and sometimes hostile actions directed against other people.

Such behavioral modification can be affected, without knowing clearly the intentions of such people, through the forgiving but defiant Nice Guy strategy.

This page provides the definition (meaning) of the phrase / expression "defiant behavior", as well as synonyms, antonyms and sentences, if they are available in our database. We strive to make the English-Grammar.Biz explanatory dictionary, including the interpretation of the phrase / expression "defiant behavior", as correct and informative as possible. If you have any suggestions or comments about the correctness of the definition of "calling behavior", please write to us in the "Feedback" section.

Provocative behavior of adolescents //Psychological newspaper

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#child psychology
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Author

Petranovskaya Lyudmila Vladimirovna

Project “Mom dear! Being a parent of a teenager is a joint initiative of Psychology magazine and the UNESCO Regional Health Education Programme. In the fourth transfer of the cycle, Lyudmila Petranovskaya causes the defiant behavior of adolescents. Aggression, smoking, alcohol and drugs, suicidal thoughts, self-harm – what risks do teenagers face to their health and well-being, and what can parents and other adults do to minimize the risk? Expert: Ludmila Petranovskaya , well-known family psychologist, head of training programs at the Institute for the Development of Family Organization, author of numerous articles and books on parenting:

Source

Published on December 20, 2016

Author

Petranovskaya Lyudmila Vladimirovna

Family psychologist, one of the leading experts in the Russian Federation in the field of family arrangements. Founder and trainer of the Institute for the Development of Family Organization. Permanent leader of trainings and seminars for foster parents and specialists in the field of family placement in Russia, Ukraine and Belarus. Author of the books “A foster child came to you”, “10 steps to change difficult behavior (a guide for foster parents)”, “Difficult age”, etc.
Moscow

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