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Mentally ill disorders list


Types of mental health issues and illnesses

Mental illness is a general term for a group of illnesses that may include symptoms that can affect a person’s thinking, perceptions, mood or behaviour. Mental illness can make it difficult for someone to cope with work, relationships and other demands. The relationship between stress and mental illness is complex, but it is known that stress can worsen an episode of mental illness. Most people can manage their mental illness with medication, counselling or both.This page lists some of the more common mental health issues and mental illnesses.

Anxiety disorders

Anxiety disorders is a group of mental health disorders that includes generalised anxiety disorders, social phobias, specific phobias (for example, agoraphobia and claustrophobia), panic disorders, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and post-traumatic stress disorder. Untreated, anxiety disorders can lead to significant impairment on people’s daily lives.

For more information see: Anxiety disorders.

Behavioural and emotional disorders in children

Common behaviour disorders in children include oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), conduct disorder (CD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Treatment for these mental health disorders can include therapy, education and medication.

For more information see: Behavioural disorders in children.

Bipolar affective disorder

Bipolar affective disorder is a type of mood disorder, previously referred to as ‘manic depression’. A person with bipolar disorder experiences episodes of mania (elation) and depression. The person may or may not experience psychotic symptoms. The exact cause is unknown, but a genetic predisposition has been clearly established. Environmental stressors can also trigger episodes of this mental illness.

For more information see: Bipolar disorder.

Depression

Depression is a mood disorder characterised by lowering of mood, loss of interest and enjoyment, and reduced energy. It is not just feeling sad. There are different types and symptoms of depression. There are varying levels of severity and symptoms related to depression. Symptoms of depression can lead to increased risk of suicidal thoughts or behaviours.

For more information see: Depression.

Dissociation and dissociative disorders

Dissociation is a mental process where a person disconnects from their thoughts, feelings, memories or sense of identity. Dissociative disorders include dissociative amnesia, dissociative fugue, depersonalisation disorder and dissociative identity disorder.

For more information see: Dissociation and dissociative disorders.

Eating disorders

Eating disorders include anorexia, bulimia nervosa and other binge eating disorders. Eating disorders affect females and males and can have serious psychological and physical consequences.

For more information see: Eating disorders.

Obsessive compulsive disorder

Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is an anxiety disorder. Obsessions are recurrent thoughts, images or impulses that are intrusive and unwanted. Compulsions are time-consuming and distressing repetitive rituals. Treatments include cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT), and medications.

For more information see: Obsessive compulsive disorder.

Paranoia

Paranoia is the irrational and persistent feeling that people are ‘out to get you’. Paranoia may be a symptom of conditions including paranoid personality disorder, delusional (paranoid) disorder and schizophrenia. Treatment for paranoiainclude medications and psychological support.

For more information see: Paranoia.

Post-traumatic stress disorder

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that can develop as a response to people who have experienced any traumatic event. This can be a car or other serious accident, physical or sexual assault, war-related events or torture, or natural disasters such as bushfires or floods.

For more information see: Post-traumatic stress disorder.

Psychosis

People affected by psychosis can experience delusions, hallucinations and confused thinking.. Psychosis can occur in a number of mental illnesses, including drug-induced psychosis, schizophrenia and mood disorders. Medication and psychological support can relieve, or even eliminate, psychotic symptoms.

For more information see: Psychosis.

Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia is a complex psychotic disorder characterised by disruptions to thinking and emotions, and a distorted perception of reality. Symptoms of schizophrenia vary widely but may include hallucinations, delusions, thought disorder, social withdrawal, lack of motivation and impaired thinking and memory. People with schizophrenia have a high risk of suicide. Schizophrenia is not a split personality.

For more information see: Schizophrenia.

Where to get help

  • Your GP (doctor)
  • Mental health services

Anxiety disorders - Better Health Channel

About anxiety disorders

Anxiety disorders are a group of mental health problems. They include generalised anxiety disorders, social phobias, specific phobias (for example, agoraphobia and claustrophobia), and panic disorders. Depression is often related to anxiety disorders.

Anxiety disorders are common mental health problems that affect many people. Approximately 25% of the population have an anxiety disorder that warrants treatment at some time in their life and up to another 25% have less severe anxieties such as fears of spider and snakes.

Not all anxiety is a disorder

Everyone experiences anxiety and fear at times – these are normal and helpful human emotions that help us deal with danger. However, some people experience excessive and irrational anxiety and worries that become ongoing and distressing, and that interfere with their daily lives. This may indicate an anxiety disorder. Often there appears to be no obvious or logical reason for the way the person feels. This may make an anxiety disorder even more worrying to the sufferer.

Symptoms of anxiety disorders

The main features of an anxiety disorder are fears or thoughts that are chronic (constant) and distressing and that interfere with daily living. Other symptoms of an anxiety disorder may include:

  • Panic or anxiety attacks or a fear of these attacks.
  • Physical anxiety reactions – for example trembling, sweating, faintness, rapid heartbeat, difficulties breathing or nausea.
  • Avoidance behaviour – a person may go to extreme lengths to avoid a situation that they think could bring on anxiety or panic.

Panic attacks are a common symptom

A panic attack is a sudden feeling of intense terror that may occur in certain situations or for no apparent reason. A panic attack does not mean a person is necessarily suffering an anxiety disorder. However, a panic attack is a common feature of each type of anxiety disorder.

Symptoms of a panic attack may include:

  • shortness of breath
  • dizziness
  • rapid heartbeat
  • choking
  • nausea.

The cause of panic attacks is unknown, but they may be related to a chemical response in the brain, caused by actual threatening or stressful events or by thinking about stressful events. The brain response leads to physiological changes in the body, such as shallow breathing and rapid heartbeat.

Panic attacks can be frightening. Some people say they feel like they are going to die or go crazy. People affected by panic attacks may avoid situations in which they think attacks might occur. In some cases, this may lead to the development of other anxiety disorders including agoraphobia.

Types of anxiety disorders

Anxiety becomes a disorder when it’s irrational, excessive and when it interferes with a person’s ability to function in daily life. Anxiety disorders include:

  • Generalised anxiety disorder
  • Social phobias – fear of social situations
  • Specific phobias – for example a fear of open spaces (agoraphobia) or enclosed spaces (claustrophobia)
  • Panic disorders – frequent and debilitating panic attacks.

Generalised anxiety disorder

Generalised anxiety is excessive anxiety and constant worry about many things. The focus of the anxiety might be family or friends, health, work, money or forgetting important appointments. A person may be diagnosed with a generalised anxiety disorder if:

  • the anxiety and worry have been present most days over a 6-month period
  • the person finds it difficult to control their anxiety.

People with social phobia are afraid of being negatively judged or evaluated by others. This leads to fear of doing something that may humiliate them in public – for example public speaking, using public toilets, eating and drinking in public, writing in public, or any social encounters such as parties or workplaces.

Some social phobia sufferers may only fear one type of situation. Others may be concerned about several types of situations. This can lead them to avoid the feared situations, which can then lead to severe isolation and avoiding people and activities they usually enjoy.

Specific phobias

A person with a specific phobia has a persistent and irrational fear of a particular object or situation. They may fear animals, places or people. Fear of the object or situation is so severe that a person may experience physical symptoms and panic attacks. Fears may include dogs, blood, storms, spiders or other objects or situations but, in all cases, the anxiety is both excessive and interfering.

The adult phobia sufferer usually knows that their fear is excessive or unreasonable. However, their need to avoid the object, place or person can significantly restrict their life.

Panic disorders

Panic or anxiety attacks are common. Panic disorders are less common, affecting about 2% of the population. For a person to be diagnosed with a panic disorder, they would usually have had at least four panic attacks each month over an extended period of time. Often panic attacks may not be related to a situation but come on spontaneously.

Panic disorder may be diagnosed if panic attacks are frequent and if there’s a strong and persistent fear of another attack occurring.

Anxiety disorders can have serious effects

An anxiety disorder may lead to social isolation and clinical depression, and can impair a person’s ability to work, study and do routine activities. It may also hurt relationships with friends, family and colleagues. It’s common for depression and anxiety to happen at the same time. Depression can be a serious illness with a high risk of self-harm and suicide.

Recovery is possible with treatment

Recovery from an anxiety disorder is possible with the right treatment and support. Effective treatments for anxiety disorders may include:

  • Cognitive behavioural therapy – aims to change patterns of thinking, beliefs and behaviours that may trigger anxiety.
  • Exposure therapy – involves gradually exposing a person to situations that trigger anxiety using a fear hierarchy: this is called systematic desensitisation.
  • Anxiety management and relaxation techniques – for example deep muscle relaxation, meditation, breathing exercises and counselling.
  • Medication – this may include antidepressants and benzodiazepines.

Where to get help

  • Your GP (doctor)
  • Clinical psychologist
  • Psychiatrist
  • Your local community health centre
  • This way up - an online Coping with Stress and an Intro to Mindfulness program developed by the Clinical Research Unit of Anxiety and Depression (CRUfAD) at St Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney and University of New South Wales (UNSW) Faculty of Medicine.
  • ARAFEMI (Association of Relatives and Friends of the Emotionally and Mentally Ill) Tel. (03) 9810 9300
  • Mental Health Foundation of Australia (Victoria) Tel. (03) 9427 0406
  • National Mental Health Helpline 1300 MHF AUS (643 287)
  • Anxiety Recovery Centre Victoria Tel. (03) 9830 0533 or 1300 ANXIETY (269 438)

Types of mental disorders

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  4. Types of mental disorders

Aggressive behavior

accompanies many mental illnesses. Manifested in hostility, threats and attacks. If these symptoms arose in a person for the first time and are generally not characteristic of him, most likely, he needs to immediately consult a psychiatrist. In other cases of aggressive behavior (especially - unreasonable) consultation with a psychiatrist is also desirable.

Apathy of the mentally ill

a state of indifference, detachment, loss of interest and desire to do something. It is often a manifestation of depression, while it is painfully experienced. If apathy does not burden the patient, then this may be a manifestation of another mental or neurological disease.

Autism

Autism is a condition in which a person lives in an internal or unreal (virtual) world, and not in real events. Close such a person is seen as closed, uninterested in what is happening around, closed. The world of fantasy overlaps reality, and therefore a person with autism is cold and indifferent to the people around him, including those close to him. An autistic person is often not burdened by the difficulties of social interaction and communication disorders. Autism occurs both in childhood and in adulthood, and in adults it can be not only a “continuation” of childhood autism, but also a consequence of a developed mental disorder. nine0003

Delirium tremens (delirium)

occurs mainly in patients with alcoholism, at the second or third stage of the disease. It is important to note that delirium occurs more often not in intoxication, but on the 2nd-3rd day of abstinence from alcohol after drinking (at the peak of the withdrawal syndrome). It is characterized by confusion, increased body temperature, disorientation, agitation, vision of various hallucinatory images. For patients with delirium tremens, hallucinatory images of moving animals (running rats, cockroaches, gnomes, etc. ) are characteristic. Patients attract attention to themselves by their behavior: they are agitated, excited, try to catch hallucinatory images or brush them off, shake them off themselves, often talk to them. nine0007 Delirium tremens is also possible in non-drinkers, especially in children and the elderly with diseases that occur with a high temperature. Thus, delirium tremens is a sign of intoxication of the body.

Insomnia

in chronically current mental disorders is an indicator of deterioration in mental well-being, since it often appears before all other symptoms.

Crazy ideas (strange judgments, delirium)

are most often perceived by close and surrounding people as strange judgments that do not correspond to reality. At the same time, a person with delusions cannot be persuaded, even if he does not know what to object to attempts to persuade him. Crazy ideas don't need proof. It is rather "knowledge", conviction. Because of this, the behavior of a person with delusional ideas is determined by the content of these ideas. According to the content, the main forms of delusions can be divided into delusions of persecution (what is popularly called “persecution mania”: the patient is pursued by special services or other organizations, they try to poison or rob relatives or neighbors; people on the street somehow in a special way, look unfriendly and whisper about him), delusions of grandeur (the patient is the heir to the royal family, the inventor of the time machine or the law of immortality, the ruler of the world, sometimes the messenger of God or God himself, or the devil, etc.) and delusions of self-abasement (accusing oneself of sins, numerous errors, delirium of a physical defect). A patient with delusional judgments needs to be treated by a psychiatrist. nine0003

Excitement or agitation

frequent and rather dangerous signs of mental disorders. Accompany anxiety, depression, psychotic states. With motor arousal in depressed patients, one should be on the alert: suicidal actions are possible. You should also be especially attentive to patients with psychotic arousal: impulsive (unpredictable), including aggressive actions are frequent, which can be dangerous both for the patient and for his environment. nine0003

Hallucinations

perception of something that is not really there. Hallucinations are:
- visual (a person "sees" something that is not there: animals running around the house, people, paintings, sometimes whole panoramas: landscapes, battles),
- auditory (a person "hears" extraneous sounds - music, rustles , voices; at the same time, sounds can be localized both in external space: from the corner of the room, behind the wall, from the street, and inside the head, less often - another part of the body),
- olfactory (perception of foreign odors, more often - unpleasant)
- gustatory (strange, often unpleasant taste sensations)
- tactile (for example, sensation on the skin of "crawling" insects; accompanied by scratching, is a sign of serious intoxication)

Dementia (dementia)

, deterioration in the ability to judge and infer. It usually occurs in old age. It can begin imperceptibly: with difficulty remembering words, narrowing the scope of attention, a slight change in mood (quick transitions from tearfulness to joy and back). The character gradually changes: the person becomes more stubborn, but at the same time more suggestible. The vocabulary is depleted, the stock of knowledge is depleted. The most common cause of dementia is damage to the cerebral vessels by an atherosclerotic process, as a result of which the vessels become narrower and blood flow to the brain tissues worsens. Having noticed in time, such changes can be stopped by properly selected therapy (which will also be the prevention of strokes). However, you should be careful if someone close to you has such changes in adulthood and unfolds very quickly: this may be a more complex disease (for example, Alzheimer's disease). nine0003

Dysmorphophobia / dysmorphomania

experiences, the content of which is the belief in one's own physical inferiority: a cosmetic defect, overweight, bad smell, in a word, a repulsive appearance. If a defect in appearance really does take place, and in a person’s life this circumstance is predominant, then we are talking about dysmorphophobia (a neurotic level of disorder). If there is actually no defect in appearance, or it is, but not so significant, and at the same time the person is downright convinced of his own ugliness, is seized by ideas of a physical defect, goes to doctors and even undergoes surgery with plastic surgeons, or falls into anorexia ( when convinced of excessive fullness), then here we are talking about dysmorphomania (delusional level of disorders). nine0003

Hypochondria

state of increased concern about one's health. In this case, the disease of the body may or may not be present. A person suffering from hypochondria, as a rule, is afraid of a specific disease, but can also "generally" feel sick and "find" various diseases in himself (Moliere's "imaginary patient"). He constantly listens to his inner feelings and cannot experience pleasure simply from the process of life. In general, hypochondria can be described as "the experience of Illness." nine0003

Treatment of anorexia

stubborn desire to limit oneself in food intake in order to lose weight. Often accompanied by the induction of artificial vomiting after eating, overly active physical exercises, taking large doses of laxatives. It occurs both with increased and with normal body weight. It is observed more often in girls. It is important to note that at first, anorexic behavior is carefully hidden from others, and is recognized by loved ones already at the stage of severe exhaustion. nine0003

Treatment of bulimia

How do you know if a person has bulimia? Often a person does not admit to the last that he overeats, tries to keep his addiction a secret. He is sure that he can solve the problem of nutrition on his own, by an effort of will. Signs of bulimia. Wolf hunger is a condition in which there is an uncontrolled intake of a huge amount of food. The lack of selectivity in food is characteristic, while saturation is not felt. As a rule, it occurs after a period of strict food abstinence, and, in fact, is the “back side” of anorexia. nine0003

Treatment of chronic depression

Not all depression can be cured by psychotherapy alone. Sometimes a temporary intake of specially selected drugs is required. Signs of the severity of depression are: suicidal tendencies, a feeling of despair, self-accusatory statements, anxious arousal, a feeling of general bodily change, physically experienced longing, as well as a painful loss of emotions (love, joy, compassion).

Persecution mania

without good reason are signs of a mental disorder. Such patients often hide their experiences, and then these disorders can be suspected by their behavior: a wary look, anxiety, fearfulness, absent-mindedness, window coverings, listening to something. nine0003

Unexplained somatic complaints

it happens (and more often lately) that a person feels physically ill, but no doctor finds a pathology in him. In this case, consultation with a psychiatrist is necessary: ​​depression, neurosis, and an unresolved internal conflict may be hidden behind inexplicable somatic complaints.

Sloppiness (neglect of hygiene)

occurs in patients with depression, psychoses, as well as in chronically current mental illnesses (schizophrenia, progressive dementia). nine0003

Fatigue

Fatigue can be a sign of both physical illness and mental illness. It is often noted in disorders of the depressive circle, while the patient may not feel a noticeable decrease in mood, but feels increasing lethargy, fatigue, inability to cope with the usual stress.

Memory loss

is typical for the elderly, as well as those who have suffered severe traumatic brain injury, patients with alcoholism. It is a sign of a brain disease (vascular damage by atherosclerosis, atrophic processes in the cerebral cortex, past brain injuries, alcohol intoxication). nine0007 In vascular diseases in the elderly, forgetfulness of current and recent events and facts is characteristic, inability to learn new things. At the same time, the memory of long-standing events can remain intact for a very long time.
With atrophic processes in the brain, memory loss can be very rapid and abrupt. In this case, the onset of the disease in adulthood (45-55 years) is possible. In such cases, you should not delay contacting a specialist.

Psychosis

is a fairly severe disorder of mental activity, the treatment of which is carried out mainly by medication. Family members of the affected person may seek help for unexplained behavioral changes, including bizarre or threatening behavior (withdrawal, suspicion, threats). Signs that should alert in terms of the development of a psychotic state: hallucinations (false or imagined sensations, for example, perceiving voices when no one is around), delusions (uncorrectable deliberately false beliefs, for example, the patient may be sure that he is being poisoned neighbors, that he receives messages from television or that he is being watched in a special way), agitation or unusual behavior, strange statements, sudden changes or instability of the emotional state. It should be noted that upon leaving the psychotic state, patients need psychotherapeutic assistance aimed at forming a critical attitude towards their disorders, improving socialization, and learning to recognize the first signs of a deterioration in mental well-being (prevention of recurrent psychoses). nine0003

Latent depression

acts not as a clear depression of mood and other mental functions, but as an internal bodily ill-being affecting various organs, functions, systems. Thus, depression can disguise itself as diseases of the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, respiratory, and nervous systems. The well-known “pain of unclear etiology” (a diagnosis often encountered in the practice of therapists) often has the same nature.

Anguish

an oppressive painful feeling, which is often experienced as a "tightness", heaviness in the chest. Longing is much more intense than such worldly emotions as sadness or sadness. It often happens with depression and can occur without a significant reason. nine0003

Anxiety in psychiatry

Uncertainty, suspense, feeling that something is about to happen. In other words, it is an emotional experience characterized by discomfort from the uncertainty of perspective. This is the most important human emotion, closely related to the need for security. Anxiety is sometimes felt bodily, like itching, excitement in the chest, internal trembling, and is often combined with motor excitement.

Epileptic seizure

in its most typical form is characterized by an abrupt onset: a person screams, loses consciousness, falls, then sharply strains, sometimes turns blue, followed by convulsions. After a seizure, a person is usually lethargic, lethargic and drowsy. This is the so-called convulsive seizure. However, often epileptic seizures are non-convulsive in nature, occur without a fall and may escape the attention of the patient's relatives. Signals indicating the need to see a doctor are:
- any sharp falls with loss of consciousness (even without convulsions),
- a tendency to suddenly "freeze" and "turn off" (sometimes for seconds, while stereotypical movements of the arms, head, facial muscles of the face are possible; this feature can be observed during a conversation , performing daily activities),
- loss of memory of some events, facts when a person was not drunk, could walk, perform some actions, which he later cannot remember anything about.

It should be noted that the presence of epileptic seizures does not always indicate epilepsy as a disease. Convulsive and non-convulsive seizures can be a consequence of brain damage (traumatic brain injury, consequences of alcohol intoxication, and in young children, convulsions are the only non-specific response of the body to many stimuli, in particular, an increase in body temperature). nine0007


  • About psychiatry
  • Types of psychiatric disorders
  • Severe mental disorders
  • Symptoms of disorders
  • Psychiatric diseases
  • Expert opinion
  • Manic disorders
  • Anorexia
  • Child psychiatry
  • Autism treatment
  • Treatment for paranoia

8 most common mental disorders that people attribute to themselves //Psychological newspaper

In recent years, it has become somewhat fashionable to have this or that mental disorder. An important role in this was played by the fact that in recent years, as a whole, they have begun to talk more about mental disorders, the topic has ceased to be taboo, and mental illness itself is something shameful in the public mind.

“This trend is especially noticeable among adolescents, since in adolescence there is a formation of personality and a search for one’s own uniqueness, and mental disorders seem to young people as something unusual and even mysterious, something that distinguishes them from other people,” the psychiatrist explains. nine0165 Irina Korobkova . “In addition, teenagers are often very impressionable, they are greatly influenced by what they may have read or seen in books, films or real life, and they are more likely to compare and “transfer” what they see or hear to themselves.

Most often, people attribute the following mental disorders to themselves.

1. Depression

“This is one of the most common mental disorders, and for many years it has been in first place in the ranking of “fashionable” disorders,” says Irina Korobkova. - This is a unique state, because it affects our feelings, thoughts, behavior, physical condition, intellectual abilities, perception of ourselves, the surrounding reality and our own perspectives. nine0003

Feature of depression

The key manifestations of depression are persistently depressed mood and the loss of the ability to experience positive emotions. It is literally impossible to distract a depressed person from painful experiences at least for a while. The patient has impaired metabolism of a number of neurotransmitters in the brain.

Depression very often takes a chronic course and in one way or another worries a person throughout life, at times increases the risk of serious cardiovascular diseases and suicide, that is, one can literally die from depression. With depression, there is often a hereditary burden. nine0003

Just a bad mood, a grief reaction, emotional burnout - all this is not depression, although it has some manifestations similar to it.

About depression in an article by Doctor of Medical Sciences Tatiana Arturovna Karavaeva.

2. Bipolar affective disorder (BAD)

- A disease in which depressive and manic phases alternate. Mania (emphasis on "I") is the exact opposite of depression, the doctor explains. — It may seem that this is a wonderful state in which a person is always satisfied and happy, but in fact, mania is a serious mental disorder, and patients with bipolar disorder with a long history of the disease are much more afraid of mania than depression. nine0003

Feature of BAR

This state is dangerous because, due to the overestimation of their own capabilities, people do things that are not characteristic of them and inadequate: they take loans for large amounts of money, enter into intimate relationships with strangers, get involved in dubious adventures, the doctor explains.

With a particularly severe course of bipolar disorder, people can almost constantly lie in psychiatric hospitals, since mood disorders do not allow them to fully integrate into society. nine0003

- With bipolar disorder, the risk of suicide is significantly higher than with unipolar depression. With bipolar disorder, constant drug therapy is required, - Irina Korobkova draws attention.

Just because you are a "mood person" does not mean that you are "bipolar".

3. Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD)

“In my subjective opinion, this is the most “fashionable” diagnosis of the last 3-4 years,” says the psychiatrist. — BPD is a persistent personality disorder that is manifested by impulsivity, low self-control, emotional instability, high anxiety, significant difficulties in social interaction, and often self-damaging behavior. nine0003

Feature PRL

In the development of BPD, the role of heredity is great. Often develop depression, alcohol and drug addiction, eating disorders. BPD patients often die by suicide. BPD is a personality disorder, that is, a pathological change in a person’s character.

It is impossible to make a diagnosis of BPD based on one or two symptoms. A comprehensive assessment of all manifestations and monitoring of the development of the condition over time is important. nine0003

4. Panic attacks (PA)

“Like depression, PA is an “eternal classic” of psychiatry,” explains Irina Korobkova. “Modern life is very conducive to anxiety disorders in general and panic attacks in particular, because the dynamic rhythm, high demands and standards, multitasking mode - all this forces us to live at the limit of our capabilities.

Panic Attack Feature

This is a pronounced anxiety-vegetative attack, in which a variety of autonomic symptoms unfold against the background of anxiety (strong and / or rapid heartbeat, interruptions in the work of the heart, lack of air, fever or chills, feeling of sinking in the chest, sweating, lump in the throat, nausea, fainting, a sharp urge to urinate and / or defecate, etc.), as well as a fear of death and / or fear of going crazy. nine0003

Further, the fear of a recurrence of such an attack and the avoidance of certain places in which they occur can be added. Panic attacks are not a disease, but a syndrome, and they occur with a variety of mental disorders. Treatment usually responds very well.

However, panic attacks are often called something that they are not at all. Severe anxiety, anxiety, inner tension, or fear is not a panic attack.

5. Anorexia

- An eating disorder (EDD), which is manifested by the fear of weight gain, deliberate pronounced dietary restrictions and, as a rule (but not always!), Significant weight loss below the biological norm, - this is how Irina Korobkova describes the disease.

The expert notes that the fashion for thinness itself appeared in the era of supermodels of the 1990-2000s. Later, the promotion of unhealthy thinness became even more widespread, many Internet publics appeared that approved of the unhealthy desire for excessive thinness and called for it. nine0003

Anorexia Feature

Anorexia is primarily a genetic disease. The influence of heredity in anorexia is up to 80%.

Young girls dream of becoming ill with anorexia in order to be thin, easily endure food restrictions and “not break into goodies. ” But they should know that it is the mental disorder with the highest mortality rate.

About anorexia in an article by psychiatrist and psychotherapist Tatyana Leonidovna Kharaburova. nine0162

6. Social phobia

“Now it has become fashionable to associate any feature of one’s character or temperament with a mental disorder, and introverted people who are prone to solitude and do not need a large number of social contacts have begun to call themselves social phobes,” says the psychiatrist.

Features of social phobia

In fact, social phobia is a painful disorder when a person wants to be in a circle of people and express himself in society, but cannot do this due to the large amount of anxiety and shame associated with social interaction. nine0003

The percentage of errors as a result of "self-diagnosis" is very high. Therefore, leave questions of diagnosis and treatment to doctors.

7. Autism

And especially its most functional variant (with intact intelligence) is Asperger's syndrome.

“People often imagine autistic people as unusual people with superpowers, such as they are shown in the film “Rain Man” and the series “The Good Doctor,” explains Irina Korobkova. But films are always fiction to one degree or another. nine0003

Autism Feature

In fact, autism is a severe mental disorder associated with impaired development of the central nervous system. As a result of such a violation, a person reacts sharply to some stimuli and is completely indifferent to others. People with autism move away from reality, are immersed in the world of their own experiences and cannot socialize normally.

Among medical students there is a concept of "third-year syndrome". This is how they designate a situation when students - future doctors, who do not yet have enough special knowledge and developed clinical thinking, read about the symptoms of various diseases and find all of them in themselves. What can we say about people who have nothing to do with medicine at all. nine0003

8. ADHD - Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

“Often, people, having experienced minimal difficulty concentrating in the process of studying or working, decide that they have ADHD,” the doctor draws attention. - In fact, in an adult, such problems in the overwhelming majority of cases are due to a violation of the regime and lifestyle (lack of sleep, lack of rest, an excessive number of tasks per unit of time) or disorders of the anxiety-depressive circle. nine0003

Features ADHD

This is a childhood disorder that by adulthood either smooths out or passes, or “outgrows” into other forms of psychopathology.

At the same time, children with ADHD literally cannot sit still for a second, they experience great difficulties with learning and establishing social contacts.

“Only a psychiatrist should be engaged in the diagnosis of mental illness,” recalls Irina Korobkova. - If you are worried about your psycho-emotional state, the first thing to do is to make an appointment with a psychiatrist, and not engage in self-diagnosis.

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