Bullying by coaches
Facts About Bullying | StopBullying.gov
This section pulls together fundamental information about bullying, including:
- Definition
- Research on Bullying
- Bullying Statistics
- Bullying and Suicide
- Anti-Bullying Laws
Definition of Bullying
In 2014, the Centers for Disease Control and Department of Education released the first federal definition of bullying. The definition includes three core elements:
- unwanted aggressive behavior
- observed or perceived power imbalance
- repetition or high likelihood of repetition of bullying behaviors
This definition helps determine whether an incident is bullying or another type of aggressive behavior or both.
Research on Bullying
Bullying prevention is a growing research field that investigates the complexities and consequences of bullying. Important areas for more research include:
- Prevalence of bullying in schools
- Prevalence of cyberbullying in online spaces
- How bullying affects people
- Risk factors for people who are bullied, people who bully others, or both
- How to prevent bullying
- How media and media coverage affects bullying
What We’ve Learned about Bullying
- Bullying affects all youth, including those who are bullied, those who bully others, and those who witness bullying.
The effects of bullying may continue into adulthood.
- There is not a single profile of a young person involved in bullying. Youth who bully can be either well connected socially or marginalized, and may be bullied by others as well. Similarly, those who are bullied sometimes bully others.
- Solutions to bullying are not simple. Bullying prevention approaches that show the most promise confront the problem from many angles. They involve the entire school community—students, families, administrators, teachers, and staff such as bus drivers, nurses, cafeteria and front office staff—in creating a culture of respect. Zero tolerance and expulsion are not effective approaches.
- Bystanders, or those who see bullying, can make a huge difference when they intervene on behalf of someone being bullied.
- Studies also have shown that adults can help prevent bullying by talking to children about bullying, encouraging them to do what they love, modeling kindness and respect, and seeking help.
Bullying Statistics
Here are federal statistics about bullying in the United States. Data sources include the Indicators of School Crime and Safety: 2019 (National Center for Education Statistics and Bureau of Justice) and the 2017 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention).
How Common Is Bullying
- About 20% of students ages 12-18 experienced bullying nationwide.
- Students ages 12–18 who reported being bullied said they thought those who bullied them:
- Had the ability to influence other students’ perception of them (56%).
- Had more social influence (50%).
- Were physically stronger or larger (40%).
- Had more money (31%).
Bullying in Schools
- Nationwide, 19% of students in grades 9–12 report being bullied on school property in the 12 months prior to the survey.
- The following percentages of students ages 12-18 had experienced bullying in various places at school:
- Hallway or stairwell (43.
4%) - Classroom (42.1%)
- Cafeteria (26.8%)
- Outside on school grounds (21.9%)
- Online or text (15.3%)
- Bathroom or locker room (12.1%)
- Somewhere else in the school building (2.1%)
- Hallway or stairwell (43.
- Approximately 46% of students ages 12-18 who were bullied during the school year notified an adult at school about the bullying.
Cyberbullying
- Among students ages 12-18 who reported being bullied at school during the school year, 15 % were bullied online or by text.
- An estimated 14.9% of high school students were electronically bullied in the 12 months prior to the survey.
Types of Bullying
- Students ages 12-18 experienced various types of bullying, including:
-
- Being the subject of rumors or lies (13.
4%) - Being made fun of, called names, or insulted (13.0%)
- Pushed, shoved, tripped, or spit on (5.3%)
- Leaving out/exclusion (5.2%)
- Threatened with harm (3.9%)
- Others tried to make them do things they did not want to do (1.9%)
- Property was destroyed on purpose (1.4%)
- Being the subject of rumors or lies (13.
State and Local Statistics
Follow these links for state and local figures on the following topics:
- Bullied on School Property, Grades 9-12
- Cyberbullied, Grades 9-12
International Statistics
According to the UNESCO Institute of Statistics:
- One third of the globe’s youth is bullied; this ranges from as low as 7% in Tajikistan to 74% in Samoa.
- Low socioeconomic status is a main factor in youth bullying within wealthy countries.
- Immigrant-born youth in wealthy countries are more likely to be bullied than locally-born youth.
Bullying and Suicide
The relationship between bullying and suicide is complex.
The media should avoid oversimplifying these issues and insinuating or directly stating that bullying can cause suicide. The facts tell a different story. It is not accurate and potentially dangerous to present bullying as the “cause” or “reason” for a suicide, or to suggest that suicide is a natural response to bullying.
- Research indicates that persistent bullying can lead to or worsen feelings of isolation, rejection, exclusion, and despair, as well as depression and anxiety, which can contribute to suicidal behavior.
- The vast majority of young people who are bullied do not become suicidal.
- Most young people who die by suicide have multiple risk factors.
- For more information on the relationship between bullying and suicide, read “The Relationship Between Bullying and Suicide: What We Know and What it Means for Schools” from the CDC.
Anti-Bullying Laws
All states have anti-bullying legislation. When bullying is also harassment and happens in the school context, schools have a legal obligation to respond to it according to federal laws.
What Is Bullying | StopBullying.gov
Bullying is unwanted, aggressive behavior among school aged children that involves a real or perceived power imbalance. The behavior is repeated, or has the potential to be repeated, over time. Both kids who are bullied and who bully others may have serious, lasting problems.
In order to be considered bullying, the behavior must be aggressive and include:
- An Imbalance of Power: Kids who bully use their power—such as physical strength, access to embarrassing information, or popularity—to control or harm others. Power imbalances can change over time and in different situations, even if they involve the same people.
- Repetition: Bullying behaviors happen more than once or have the potential to happen more than once.
Bullying includes actions such as making threats, spreading rumors, attacking someone physically or verbally, and excluding someone from a group on purpose.
- Types of Bullying
- Where and When Bullying Happens
- Frequency of Bullying
Types of Bullying
There are three types of bullying:
- Verbal bullying is saying or writing mean things. Verbal bullying includes:
- Teasing
- Name-calling
- Inappropriate sexual comments
- Taunting
- Threatening to cause harm
- Social bullying, sometimes referred to as relational bullying, involves hurting someone’s reputation or relationships. Social bullying includes:
- Leaving someone out on purpose
- Telling other children not to be friends with someone
- Spreading rumors about someone
- Embarrassing someone in public
- Physical bullying involves hurting a person’s body or possessions. Physical bullying includes:
- Hitting/kicking/pinching
- Spitting
- Tripping/pushing
- Taking or breaking someone’s things
- Making mean or rude hand gestures
Where and When Bullying Happens
Bullying can occur during or after school hours.
While most reported bullying happens in the school building, a significant percentage also happens in places like on the playground or the bus. It can also happen travelling to or from school, in the youth’s neighborhood, or on the Internet.
Frequency of Bullying
There are two sources of federally collected data on youth bullying:
- The 2019 School Crime Supplement to the National Crime Victimization Survey (National Center for Education Statistics and Bureau of Justice) indicates that, nationwide, about 22% of students ages 12–18 experienced bullying.
- The 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) indicates that, nationwide, 19.5% of students in grades 9–12 report being bullied on school property in the 12 months preceding the survey.
See also "Frequency of Cyberbullying."
In Britain bullying of gymnasts was linked to Soviet methods
https://rsport.ria.ru/20220616/gimnastika-1795946254.
html
In Britain bullying of gymnasts was linked to Soviet methods
Bullying of gymnasts was linked to Soviet gymnasts in Britain methodology - RIA Novosti Sport, 06/16/2022
In Britain, bullying of gymnasts was associated with Soviet methods News Sports, 16.06.2022
2022-06-16T23:06
2022-06-16T23:06
2022-06-16T23:25
gymnastics
around sports
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MOSCOW, June 16 - RIA Novosti. The cruelty of British coaches towards gymnasts is connected, among other things, with Soviet teaching methods, follows from the report of the lawyer Anne White, which is published on her website. appeal to athletes by coaches. It examined the testimonies of almost 400 people. According to White, after the collapse of the USSR, many coaches moved to the UK and made "rough methods and a tough communication style" the norm.
White notes that the British Gymnastics Federation (British Gymnastics) created a culture in which young athletes were starved, humiliated and insulted, the put the pursuit of medals above the protection of children. The report alleges that coaches sat on female athletes during stretching, humiliated them in front of their peers, deprived them of food and water, forbade them to go to the toilet, or tightly controlled exit times. Due to strict diets, gymnasts suffered from digestive disorders, which led to mental disorders. It also refers to 30 cases of sexual abuse, but White noted that they were not systemic, and British Gymnastics reacted seriously to them. The report cites the statement of a gymnast who was forced to stand on a balance beam for two hours because she was afraid to try a certain element. Another survivor said she was tied to the uneven bars for an extended period of time. At the conclusion of the £3m report, White makes 17 recommendations and identifies four key areas to "refocus on the well-being of gymnasts".
The lawyer invited the board of British Gymnastics to take responsibility for the implementation of these recommendations and publish information on the progress made in 6, 12 and 24 months. 9Russia Today Copyright.html
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gymnastics, around sports
Artistic gymnastics, around sports
News. The cruelty of British coaches towards gymnasts is connected, among other things, with Soviet teaching methods, follows from a report by lawyer Ann White, which is published on her website.
On Thursday, White released a 306-page report that is a "comprehensive and wide-ranging investigation into allegations" of female athlete abuse by coaches. It examined the testimonies of almost 400 people. According to White, after the collapse of the USSR, many coaches moved to the UK and made "rough methods and a tough style of communication" the norm.
"In the 1980s and 1990s, the sport was dominated by the notion that coaches from Eastern Europe and Russia knew best how to win medals.
These coaches were supposed to be very technically gifted and educated, but perhaps some some of them lacked certain interpersonal skills.The most famous aspects of this coaching style can be seen in the documentary called "Beyond" (2017).The coach's commanding style of communication with rhythmic gymnastics performer Margarita Mamun and the uncompromising demands for physical fitness made by to her in training. This tough style appears to have been copied to varying degrees by some coaches in other countries, including the UK, in order to achieve success," the report says.
White notes that British Gymnastics has created a culture where young athletes are starved, humiliated and abused, a system that prioritizes the pursuit of medals over protecting children. The report alleges that coaches sat on female athletes during stretching, humiliated them in front of their peers, deprived them of food and water, forbade them to go to the toilet, or tightly controlled exit times. Due to strict diets, gymnasts suffered from digestive disorders, which led to mental disorders.
It also talks about 30 cases of sexual violence, but White noted that they were not systemic, and British Gymnastics reacted seriously to them.
The report contains a statement from a gymnast who was forced to stand on the balance beam for two hours because she was afraid to try a certain element. Another victim reported that she was tied to bars for a long period of time.
June 16, 10:25 pm
MFA urges OSCE to condemn harassment of Russian athletes
At the end of the £3m report, White makes 17 recommendations and identifies four key areas to "shift the focus on the well-being of gymnasts." The lawyer invited the board of British Gymnastics to take responsibility for the implementation of these recommendations and publish information on the progress made in 6, 12 and 24 months.
In Britain, violence against gymnasts was linked to the influence of Soviet coaches :: Others :: RBC Sport
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Author of a report on abuse of British coaches said that for many years specialists from Russia and Eastern Europe were considered role models and their methods were borrowed without taking into account cultural differences
An independent lawyer, Ann White, in her report on the abuse of power by British gymnastics coaches, said that their views and methods were influenced by the example of successful specialists from the USSR, Russia and Eastern Europe.
The report is published on the website of the lawyer.
White previously reported that British Gymnastics had received more than 400 complaints from female athletes alleging physical and psychological abuse by coaches. In 2015-2020, about 300 athletes a year complained to the federation about bullying by coaches.
“I was told that in the 1980s and 1990s the prevailing view in sports was that Eastern European and Russian coaches knew best how to win medals. These trainers were considered highly technically gifted and educated, but some may have lacked certain interpersonal skills,” the report says.
www.adv.rbc.ru
The lawyer cited as an example the documentary film "Beyond" about the preparations for the Olympics in Rio de Janeiro by gymnast Margarita Mamun. White said that the coach's "cavalierly bossy style" shown in the film was also tried to be copied by specialists in the UK.
“After the collapse of the USSR, many trainers came to the UK, and then harsh and rough (by local standards) methods and communication style of some of them began to be considered the norm.
