Do not want to eat

Causes, other symptoms, and treatment

Anyone can experience a loss of appetite and for many different reasons. People may have less of a desire to eat, lose interest in food, or feel nausea at the idea of eating.

Alongside a loss of appetite, a person may also experience fatigue and weight loss if they are not eating enough food to sustain their body.

In this article, we look at what causes a loss of appetite, what it means, complications, and how to treat it.

Digestive issues may lead to a person losing their appetite.

A loss of appetite can be physical or psychological. It is often temporary due to factors such as infections or digestive issues, in which case appetite will come back when a person has recovered.

Some people may also lose their appetite as a symptom of a long-term medical condition, such as in the late stages of serious illness, including cancer. This is part of a condition that doctors call cachexia.

The medical term for a complete loss of appetite over a more extended period of time is anorexia. This is different to the eating disorder anorexia nervosa, which is a mental health issue.

Below, we look at the possible causes for a loss of appetite.

Common causes

Common viral or bacterial infections, such as flu or gastroenteritis, are often to blame for appetite loss. A person’s appetite usually returns when they start to recover.

Common short-term causes of feeling a loss of appetite include:

colds
flu
respiratory infections
bacteria or viral infections
constipation
an upset stomach
digestive issues
acid reflux
food poisoning
allergies
food intolerances
a stomach bug or gastroenteritis
pregnancy
hormonal imbalances
stress
medication side effects
alcohol or drug use

People with pain in their mouths, such as sores, may also experience a loss of appetite if it becomes difficult to eat.

Medical conditions

Long-term medical conditions can cause a loss of appetite for a range of reasons that vary depending on the cause. Loss of appetite can be related to lowered immune system function, feeling unwell, and having an upset stomach.

Medical conditions that can cause a loss of appetite include:

digestive conditions, such as irritable bowel syndrome and Crohn’s disease
a hormonal condition known as Addison’s disease
asthma
diabetes
chronic liver or kidney disease
high calcium levels in the blood
HIV and AIDS
underactive thyroid or hypothyroidism
overactive thyroid or hyperthyroidism
COPD
heart failure
stomach or colon cancer

Side effect of medications

A loss of appetite is a common side effect of many medications, along with other digestive issues, such as constipation or diarrhea. This is common when medications pass through a person’s stomach and digestive tract.

Medications and treatments that often cause a loss of appetite include:

sedatives
some antibiotics
immunotherapy
chemotherapy
radiation therapy to the stomach area

If people have recently undergone major surgery, they may experience a loss of appetite after the operation. This feeling can be partly related to anesthesia drugs.

Using drugs recreationally, such as cocaine, cannabis, and amphetamines can also cause a loss of appetite.

Psychological causes

Psychological factors and mental health conditions can have a significant impact on a person’s appetite. These can include:

depression
anxiety
panic attacks
stress
grief
eating disorders, such as bulimia or anorexia nervosa

Age

A loss of appetite can also be more common in older adults. This can be due to increased use of medications and changes in the body as it ages. These changes can affect:

the digestive system
the hormones
the sense of taste or smell

Some cancers

A loss of appetite or unexpected weight loss can sometimes be a symptom of certain cancers, such as pancreatic, ovarian, or stomach cancer.

Alongside a loss of appetite, people may experience the following symptoms:

stomach pains
heartburn
feeling full quickly
yellowing of the skin or eyes
blood in their stools

If people experience any of these symptoms, they should see a doctor who will be able to find out the underlying cause.

A person should see a doctor if they are vomiting for more than a day and have a complete loss of appetite.

People with serious medical conditions may experience a loss of appetite that can be due to the illness itself or as a side effect of treatments, such as chemotherapy treatment for cancers.

Some people in the later stages of serious illnesses may experience cachexia.

Cachexia is the term for weight loss, muscle wastage, and general ill-health caused by chronic, life-limiting illnesses.

People with cachexia can get nutritional advice from their doctor who can help create a nutritional plan to make sure they get the necessary calories and nutrients.

A person with a serious illness should see their doctor if they have a complete loss of appetite for a day or more or any of the following:

vomiting for a day or longer
inability to keep liquids down
pain when trying to eat
irregular urination

A doctor may prescribe certain medications to help increase appetite and reduce other symptoms, for example, nausea.

If depression or anxiety are causing people to experience a loss of appetite, talking therapies and sometimes antidepressants can help.

If a doctor thinks a specific medication is a reason for a loss of appetite, they may be able to change the dosage or the medication.

People may find it easier to eat several smaller meals a day instead of three bigger ones.

Aim to make these meals high in calories and protein to make sure the body is getting plenty of nutrients and energy. People may also find having liquid meals, such as smoothies and protein drinks, easier to take.

Adding herbs, spices, or other flavorings to meals may also encourage people to eat more easily. Eating meals in relaxing or social settings may make eating more enjoyable.

People can also keep drinking plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration. Gentle exercise, such as a short walk, may sometimes increase appetite as well.

A doctor will look at all the symptoms a person is experiencing, and use these to work out the possible cause of their loss of appetite.

A doctor may examine a person’s abdomen by feeling with their hand for any unusual bloating, lumps, or tenderness. This can help them find out if a gastrointestinal disorder is causing a loss of appetite.

A doctor may also carry out tests to help them work out the cause. Tests can include:

blood tests
an abdominal X-ray
an endoscopy, where a camera enables doctors to look inside the body

It is important to find out the reason for a loss of appetite, as it can lead to complications without treatment.

A continued loss of appetite can cause weight loss and malnutrition. It is vital for people to find out the reason for their loss of appetite, as leaving it untreated can be serious.

People can talk to a doctor if they have a loss of appetite for a prolonged period. If they notice any unexpected or rapid weight loss, they should also see their doctor.

An individual should seek medical help if they notice any other symptoms alongside a loss of appetite, such as:

stomach pain
fever
shortness of breath
coughing
a rapid or irregular heartbeat

People can experience a loss of appetite for a wide range of reasons. Some of these are short-term, including colds, food poisoning, other infections, or the side effects of medication. Others are to do with long-term medical conditions, such as diabetes, cancer, or life-limiting illnesses.

Appetite loss often comes with feelings of fatigue or nausea. If a person is worried about a loss of appetite they should tell their doctor, also mentioning all other symptoms.

Treatments for appetite loss will depend on the cause. People may benefit from eating small, regular meals instead of three large meals, and liquid meals are often more palatable.

Read the article in Spanish.

Reasons You Don’t Feel Hungry

Medically Reviewed by Minesh Khatri, MD on November 27, 2022

Hunger is your body’s signal that it needs fuel. Your brain and gut work together to give you that feeling. So if you don’t feel like eating, a number of things could cause that dip in appetite, including certain medications, emotions, and health issues.

When you get stressed, your body reacts as if it’s in danger. Your brain releases chemicals, including adrenaline, that make your heart beat faster and slow your digestion. That can curb your appetite. This is called the fight-or-flight response, and it lasts only a short time. If you're stressed over a long period, your body releases a hormone called cortisol, and it makes you hungrier, especially for high-calorie foods.

Many medicines can have appetite loss as a side effect. Some of the most common ones include antibiotics, antifungals, and muscle relaxants. Drugs that treat depression, migraines, high blood pressure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and Parkinson’s disease can also affect your hunger. If you haven't been eating, check with your doctor to see if any of the medications you take could be causing the problem.

When you’re sick, your immune system kicks into high gear. It releases chemicals called cytokines that can make you tired and not eager to eat. It’s your body’s way of telling you to rest so it can get the energy it needs to fight what’s making you ill. But eating a little something can give your immune system a boost. Try a bowl of chicken soup: Research shows that it helps with inflammation, and that can make you feel better.

You’re supposed to be eating for two but don’t feel like chowing down? That’s because many moms-to-be battle nausea, especially during the first trimester. Although it’s called morning sickness, it can strike any time of day. Easy-to-digest foods, like crackers or dry toast, can calm the queasiness. Also, try to eat small meals or snacks often -- an empty stomach can make things worse.

If you have nausea, diarrhea, and cramps, you may have a stomach bug, or gastroenteritis. That’s when a virus, bacteria, or parasite infects your stomach and intestines. Chances are, the last thing you feel like doing is eating. Once the nausea goes away, start with bland foods, like bananas, rice, or toast. And drink plenty of fluids to make sure you stay hydrated.

When eating leads to nausea, diarrhea, bloating, or stomach pain, your appetite can nosedive. This often happens with stomach disorders. One of the most common is irritable bowel syndrome, a chronic condition of your large intestine. Colitis and Crohn’s disease are more serious illnesses that trigger some of the same symptoms. If you’re having these kinds of problems, see your doctor.

This condition happens when your body doesn’t make enough healthy red blood cells. Their job is to carry oxygen throughout your body. If you don’t have enough of them, you may feel tired and weak, and have little appetite. If you have symptoms, which also include chest pain and headaches, your doctor can give you a blood test to see if you’re anemic. If you are, they may recommend iron or vitamin B12 supplements.

A lack of appetite is a common side effect of cancer. The disease and its treatments, like radiation and chemotherapy, might also cause nausea, pain, or dehydration. They can even change the way foods taste or smell. Talk to your doctor if you have a hard time eating enough at mealtime. You may need to have 6 to 8 smaller meals a day.

Up to 30% of older people have less of an appetite than they used to. It can happen for a number of reasons. As you age, your digestion slows, so you tend to feel fuller for longer. Your sense of smell, taste, or vision may also get weaker. This can make food less appealing. Hormonal changes, a chronic illness, and medications can also curb your hunger. Talk to your doctor -- they can help you figure out what’s going on.

If your diabetes isn’t managed well, high blood sugar levels can damage nerves in your body. One of them may be the vagus nerve, which controls your stomach muscles. When this nerve doesn’t work the way it should, food doesn’t move through your gastrointestinal tract as quickly. Called gastroparesis, this condition causes a loss of appetite and bloating. It’s treated with changes to your diet, medication, or surgery.

Your thyroid hormones control how your body turns food into energy. When that gland doesn’t make enough of those, your body functions slow down. The result: You use less energy and your hunger dips. But because you’re not burning as many calories, you may actually gain weight. Your doctor can test for the condition and, if that's the problem, give you thyroid hormone to speed things up again.

A pounding head alone can be enough to make you lose your appetite. But a migraine also can cause nausea and vomiting. And you may not feel like eating even after it goes away. A dip in hunger is common in the day or two after a migraine. Medications can help prevent them or treat them when you have them.

For some people, this can lead to cravings and weight gain. For others, it can have the opposite effect. Depression triggers your brain to release more of a hormone called corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF). It can make you less hungry. With severe depression, you may lose interest in cooking and eating. If your change in appetite comes with a change in mood, talk with your doctor about it.

A mild form of traumatic brain injury, this can cause dizziness, headaches, and nausea. In some cases, you may lose some of your sense of smell. That can make food less appealing. If you think you have a concussion, see your doctor. They can find out for sure. If it's not serious, they may tell you things to do to help you feel better faster, like get plenty of rest.

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SOURCES:

Angel Planells, registered dietitian nutritionist; spokesman, Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.

Karla Luna, registered dietitian; clinical nutrition supervisor, Baylor Scott & White Healthcare.

Minerva Endocrinology: “Stress and Eating Behaviors. ”

Nursing Older People: “An Overview of Appetite Decline in Older People.”

American Cancer Society: “Caring for the Patient With Cancer at Home.”

Cardiff University Common Cold Centre: “Symptoms.”

Chest: “Chicken Soup Inhibits Neutrophil Chemotaxis in Vitro.”

Mayo Clinic: “Morning Sickness,” "Gastroparesis," "Gastroenteritis: First Aid," "Migraines," "Anemia."

National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases: “Hypothyroidism (Underactive Thyroid).”

Hippokratia: “Hypothyroidism -- New Aspects of An Old Disease.”

National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases: “Gastroparesis.”

Cedars-Sinai: “Gastroenteritis.”

Neurology: “The Migraine Postdrome.”

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute: “Anemia.”

CDC: “What Is Inflammatory Bowel Disease?”

Cleveland Clinic: “Irritable Bowel Syndrome,” "Concussion."

Journal of Endocrinology: “The role of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor in Depression and Anxiety Disorders. ”

North American Brain Injury Society: “Olfactory Dysfunction After Minor Head Trauma.”

Why you don't feel like eating and what to do about it

July 21, 2021 Likbez Health

It may be enough for you to stay cool for a couple of hours.

Why you don't want to eat

Loss of appetite is not a diagnosis. But this can be a sign of serious health problems or just a misunderstanding. Here are a few common factors that can affect appetite.

1. Age

Appetite often decreases with age. Perhaps this is due to the fact that with age, the metabolism slows down and people simply need fewer calories than in their youth.

But other reasons are not excluded. Scientists suspect that the elderly may not produce enough ghrelin, a hormone responsible for appetite. Or the work of the sense organs is changing, and people do not get the pleasure from food that in their youth (and if so, why eat?).

Research is still ongoing. But it is unambiguously established: the older we get, the less we eat.

2. High physical or mental stress

If you feel like a squirrel in a wheel all day long, hurry somewhere, worry about something, and in the evening you fall exhausted from your feet, you should not be surprised at a decrease in appetite.

When you are extremely exhausted, the body is forced to choose what to spend energy on: running around or energy-intensive digestion. If you can’t get out of business, the brain reduces the activity of the gastrointestinal tract. You just don't want to eat.

3. Pregnancy in women

Many expectant mothers face nausea and loss of appetite. Most often this happens in the first trimester.

Kesha Gaither

MD, obstetrician-gynecologist, in a comment to Parents.

Approximately one in two pregnant women in the United States experiences periods of aversion to some familiar food.

The exact cause of decreased appetite during pregnancy is not known. But experts suggest that the matter is in the hormonal restructuring of the body and increased sensitivity to tastes and smells. Perhaps the refusal of a favorite food is an evolutionary mechanism: in this way, the mother’s body tries to protect the fetus from substances that are potentially harmful to its development.

4. Weather

In the heat of summer, you want to eat much less than on cold autumn or winter evenings. The fact is that food is part of the body's thermoregulation system. When we are cool, we tend to consume more calories in order to convert them into heat. In the heat, the body does not need additional heating, and therefore neglects food.

5. Mood

Someone's appetite disappears because of nervousness, someone, on the contrary, gets stressed out. Scientists have not yet discovered any common algorithm for all that connects emotions and eating behavior. But it was quite clearly established that the desire to eat largely depends on mood. And for each person, this connection is individual.

6. Smoking

Nicotine has a side effect: it reduces the need for food.

7. SARS and other diseases in the acute phase

Leptin is a hormone that causes satiety. But at the same time, this substance takes an active part in the immune response to infection.

With a cold, flu, exacerbation of other infectious diseases, the level of leptin increases - this allows the body to repel a pathogenic attack. But once the hormone becomes more, there is a feeling of satiety. Therefore, sick people often refuse to eat.

8. Taking certain medications

Reduced appetite may be one of the side effects of antibiotics. But other drugs sometimes discourage the desire to eat. Painkillers based on codeine and morphine, as well as diuretics, for example, lead to such a reaction.

9. Mental disorders

Loss of appetite can be caused by depression.

Another common mental disorder that is directly related to the reluctance to eat is anorexia nervosa. So doctors call an eating disorder caused by a desperate fear of gaining weight.

10. Diseases of the digestive system

Changes in appetite may be one of the first symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome and Crohn's disease.

11. Viral hepatitis and other liver damage

One of the most important elements in the digestive system is the liver: it is here that blood enters with nutrients processed by the stomach and intestines. The body sorts the substances received, cleanses them of toxins and only then passes them into the general bloodstream. With viral hepatitis and other liver diseases, it ceases to cope with its functions.

In order not to overload the suffering liver and give it a chance to recover, the body reduces the production of hormones, enzymes and other substances responsible for the manifestation of appetite.

12. Cardiovascular diseases

Loss of appetite is one of the symptoms of chronic heart failure. In addition, reluctance to eat may be associated with a developing heart attack and heart defects.

13. Endocrine Disorders

If the thyroid gland produces less hormones than necessary (a condition called hypothyroidism), appetite is greatly reduced. However, the weight may increase.

14. Iron deficiency anemia

Loss of appetite along with weight loss, especially if all this is accompanied by fatigue, a feeling of lack of strength, is one of the most characteristic symptoms of iron deficiency in the body.

15. Cancer

Loss of appetite often accompanies such oncological diseases as:

stomach cancer;
pancreatic cancer;
colon cancer;
ovarian cancer.

Food aversion can also be a side effect of tumor treatment.

Is it necessary to restore appetite

On the one hand, reducing appetite is a convenient thing. Someone suffers on diets, and you reduce the caloric content of the diet by itself.

On the other hand, one should not rejoice at the lack of appetite. At least because with a limited diet, you get fewer nutrients. And this can lead to hypovitaminosis (and even beriberi), a decrease in hemoglobin levels, anemia and more serious problems - with the liver and other internal organs, vision, joints, teeth.

What exactly will be the long-term consequences of a decrease in appetite depends on the reasons that caused such a condition. It's one thing if you don't feel like eating just because you're sad or too hot. And it is quite another if the loss of appetite is associated with damage to the liver, heart, and even more so cancer.

What to do if you don't feel like eating

First, take care of yourself, your well-being, and life circumstances. Perhaps your appetite has decreased for external reasons, for example, due to heat, fatigue, worries. In this case, the desire to eat will return as soon as stress factors disappear.

But if everything is calm in your life, and your appetite has disappeared, or if indifference to food lasts for weeks, try to see a therapist.

See your doctor as soon as possible if you notice that your reluctance to eat is accompanied by sudden weight loss.

The doctor will examine you and ask you about your symptoms. He will definitely ask what medications you take, what lifestyle you lead, whether the loss of appetite is due to stressful events, such as divorce, the loss of a family member or friend.

You may need to do some research. Among them:

general and biochemical blood tests;
thyroid hormone test;
hepatitis tests;
urinalysis for drug content;
Ultrasound of the internal organs.

All this will help to find the reason why the appetite has disappeared. Depending on how serious it is, the doctor will prescribe treatment or send you to a specialized specialist - an endocrinologist, cardiologist, oncologist, hepatologist, psychotherapist.

Loss of appetite

IMPORTANT!

The information in this section should not be used for self-diagnosis or self-treatment. In case of pain or other exacerbation of the disease, only the attending physician should prescribe diagnostic tests. For diagnosis and proper treatment, you should contact your doctor.
For a correct assessment of the results of your analyzes in dynamics, it is preferable to do studies in the same laboratory, since different laboratories may use different research methods and units of measurement to perform the same analyzes.

Decreased appetite - the causes of occurrence, in which diseases it occurs, diagnosis and methods of treatment.

Loss of appetite occurs under the influence of various factors. Natural causes may be satiety, fatigue, enthusiasm for any activity. However, in some cases, poor appetite can be a symptom of the disease, and this should be paid attention to.

Varieties of

Depending on the degree of appetite disturbance, hyporexia is distinguished - a decrease in appetite and anorexia - an almost complete lack of appetite.

Sometimes there may be an idiosyncrasy (painful reaction) to any product or dish. In some cases, it may not be about loss of appetite, but about rapid satiety, for example, after operations on the intestines or stomach.

Possible causes and diseases in which there is a decrease in appetite

The formation of hunger and satiety occurs in the brain, where signals are received from nerve endings (for example, from receptors when the stomach is stretched) and substances (hormones, glucose, toxins) carried by the blood.

Intoxication of the body often leads to a decrease in appetite.

The cause of intoxication can be infectious diseases, which are accompanied by the release of waste products of microorganisms into the blood. These toxins, through a chain of biochemical reactions, cause inhibition of the food center, which leads to a decrease in appetite. The same mechanism is triggered by the decay products of tumors. Dying under the influence of drugs, tumor cells release substances into the blood that help reduce blood pH (acidification), which, in addition to affecting the food center, can lead to impaired kidney function, fever, nausea, and vomiting.

Decrease and lack of appetite are characteristic of endocrine disorders (pituitary and adrenal insufficiency, hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus).

The causes of pituitary insufficiency are most often tumors, hemorrhages or infectious processes.

Hypothalamic-pituitary insufficiency in most cases occurs in young women under the age of 40 years.

The lack of thyroid-stimulating hormone, leading to the development of hypothyroidism, is also accompanied by loss of appetite, apathy, lowering blood pressure, and constipation. Exhaustion due to a lack of pituitary hormones entails disturbances in the field of thinking and intelligence.

The vast majority of patients with diabetes gradually develop comorbidities of the gastrointestinal tract, which are combined with a "gastroenterological" form of autonomic diabetic neuropathy. At the same time, the disorder of the functions of the digestive organs is due to a greater extent to a violation of the absorption of glucose and a change in the structure of the walls of blood vessels. Among the symptoms, increased salivation, impaired motility of the esophagus, stomach (gastroparesis), decreased acidity of the stomach, heartburn and swallowing disorders predominate. Intestinal damage is manifested by a weakening of peristalsis, up to paresis, and diarrhea. Decreased appetite in this disease is associated with a violation of the production of the hormone ghrelin in the stomach, which is called the hunger hormone. Gastroparesis can be suspected with severe and persistent nausea, pain, fullness in the epigastric region after eating, a feeling of early satiety.

Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract are accompanied by a decrease in appetite due to pain and dyspeptic syndrome.

Gastroduodenitis, peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum may be accompanied by either excessive or insufficient secretion of hydrochloric acid, infection with Helicobacter pylori bacteria.

These factors cause the development of inflammation and the formation of erosions on the gastric mucosa. Ingestion of food into the stomach causes heartburn and pain.

Violation of food digestion due to inflammatory and infectious processes in the intestines (colitis) is also accompanied by dyspeptic symptoms (diarrhea, rumbling in the abdomen, spastic pain), which lead to loss of appetite.

The pain syndrome characteristic of pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas) always leads to a decrease in appetite. Dyspeptic syndrome, which manifests itself during an exacerbation of the disease, is accompanied by nausea, a decrease or lack of appetite, sometimes vomiting, belching, less often heartburn, bloating, and rumbling in the abdomen. Frequent exacerbations lead to weight loss and asthenia.

Decreased appetite is typical for patients with liver and kidney diseases, which is explained by the appearance of nausea and vomiting in such patients due to intoxication of the body.

Psychogenic and neurological causes contribute to the development of hypo- and anorexia.

Stress, depression, anxiety suppress appetite reactions, which makes diagnosis and treatment difficult.

Studies have noted that patients with nervous and mental (schizoid) disorders are often indifferent not to food, but to the feeling of hunger. They simply do not notice it, being under the influence of other emotional stimuli. In older patients with dementia, lack of appetite is one of the indicators of disease progression.

A decrease in appetite in people who are committed to drugs, smoking and alcohol is characteristic, which is caused by intoxication and changes in metabolism at all levels. Metabolic disorders and loss of appetite are also observed in individuals who adhere to a rigid protein diet.

The intake of certain drugs, which can be conditionally divided into adrenaline and serotonin, may also be accompanied by a decrease in appetite.

Particular attention should be paid to loss of appetite in children, as malnutrition can cause impaired physical development and serious illness.

In newborns, a decrease in appetite occurs against the background of difficulty in the act of sucking with rhinitis, diseases of the oral mucosa and other conditions. In addition, in infants, a decrease in appetite is observed during overfeeding, especially in the case of high-protein nutrition, and also as an act of protest during force-feeding.

Anorexia nervosa is sometimes observed in school-age children due to pathological dissatisfaction with their appearance and body weight.

Which doctors should I contact?

As a rule, patients with complaints of loss of appetite turn to a therapist who, after preliminary diagnosis and obtaining the results of clinical and biochemical blood tests, refers the patient to gastroenterologist, endocrinologist, psychotherapist or oncologist. Sometimes, when the infectious nature of the disease is detected, the patient is referred to an infectious disease specialist.

Diagnostics and examinations

When complaining of a decrease in appetite, the therapist evaluates the patient's appearance (jaundice, thyroid condition, sweating, type of skin), during the survey he finds out the accompanying symptoms (pain, nausea, vomiting). To obtain general information, the doctor prescribes a general clinical

Treatment

Decreased appetite is only a symptom of diseases that require diagnosis and treatment.

It should be remembered that interest in food contributes to the excitation of appetite. A beautifully set table and the absence of other irritants (TV, reading while eating) help to solve the appetite problem to a certain extent.

What to do if symptoms appear?

It is very important to assess your diet, the presence of snacks between main meals, as well as the composition of products before visiting a doctor.

If after eating there is pain and heartburn, characteristic of gastritis, it is necessary to normalize the diet and stop eating dry food. In any case, fatty, smoked and spicy foods should be removed from the diet.

Sources:

Clinical guidelines "Depressive episode, recurrent depressive disorder". Developed by: Russian Society of Psychiatrists. – 2021.
Clinical guidelines "Hypothyroidism". Developed by: Russian Association of Endocrinologists. – 2021.
Clinical guidelines "Peptic ulcer of the stomach or duodenum" (children). Developed by: Union of Pediatricians of Russia, Interregional Association for Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Russian Association of Pediatric Surgeons, Society of Pediatric Gastroenterologists, Hepatologists and Nutritionists. – 2021.
Clinical guidelines "Peptic ulcer" (adults). Developed by: Russian Gastroenterological Association, Association of Medical Geneticists, Russian Society of Colorectal Cancer Specialists. – 2020.

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