What is ipt

Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) | CAMH

What is Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT)?

IPT is a form of psychotherapy that focuses on relieving symptoms by improving interpersonal functioning. It addresses current problems and relationships rather than childhood or developmental issues. Therapists are active, non-neutral, supportive and hopeful, and they offer options for change.

IPT:

is structured
is time-limited (active phase is usually 12–16 weeks)
focuses on interpersonal relationships and communication
focuses on here-and-now relationships
aims to improve interpersonal functioning and social support.

IPT is delivered in one-to-one and group formats.

How does Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) work?

A central idea in IPT is that psychological symptoms can be understood as a response to current difficulties in everyday relationships with other people.

IPT focuses on four areas:

conflict in relationships that is a source of tension and distress
life changes, such as job loss or the birth of a child, that affect people's feelings about themselves and others
grief and loss
difficulties in starting or sustaining relationships

When people learn effective strategies for dealing with their relationship problems, their symptoms often improve.

The structure of IPT

The opening sessions (1-3) focus on collecting information and making decisions about the focus of therapy. The therapist helps the patient create a list of all the key relationships in the patient’s life (interpersonal inventory). These relationships are grouped according to the four main problem areas.

In the middle sessions (4 – 14), the patient concentrates on trying to improve the chosen problem area or areas with the support of the therapist. The patient and therapist work to develop solutions to the problems, and the patient tries to implement the solutions between sessions.

The final sessions (15 – 16) focus on dealing with any sense of loss associated with the end of therapy as well as reviewing the issues that were identified in the interpersonal inventory and the progress made in dealing with them.

Who can Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) benefit?

IPT is most often used during the acute phase of major depression, but it can also be provided as a maintenance treatment to help prevent relapse and recurrence of illness.

It is also used to treat:

anxiety
bulimia nervosa
chronic fatigue
mood disorders such as bipolar and dysthymic disorders.

IPT has been adapted to treat patients from adolescence to old age. It is effective as a stand-alone treatment and in combination with medication.

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Overview of IPT | International Society of Interpersonal Psychotherapy

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Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) is a time-limited, diagnosis-targeted, well studied, manualized treatment for major depression and other psychiatric disorders. Therapists help patients to solve an interpersonal crisis as a way of both improving their lives and relieving their symptoms. IPT helps patients to understand their emotions as social signals, to use this understanding to improve interpersonal situations, and to mobilize social supports. Its success in a series of research studies has led to its inclusion in numerous national and international treatment guidelines.

Time-limited: IPT typically is scheduled as a 12-16 week, once weekly therapy for acute major depression.

Diagnosis-targeted: IPT has demonstrated efficacy as an acute and as a maintenance treatment for major depression, and for patients from adolescence to old age; with adaptation, as an adjunct to medication for bipolar disorder; for bulimia and binge-eating disorders; and, with less research support, for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and anxiety disorders.

Well studied: The late Gerald L. Klerman, M.D., Myrna M. Weissman, Ph.D. and colleagues published the first randomized IPT trial in 1974. They found in initial studies that IPT was more effective than a placebo; that in combination with medication it fared better than either treatment alone; and that on one-year follow-up, IPT helped patients to build social skills, which medication did not. Since 1974 there have been more than 250 randomized controlled studies of IPT published by research groups around the world.

For more information about IPT, see this brief overview by co-founder Myrna Weissman https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HrClyDVL43I

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Basic Principles. Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) is a time-limited, focused psychotherapy for the treatment of depression . IPT builds on empirical evidence demonstrating reciprocal relationships between mood symptoms and interpersonal relationships. Its basic principles assume that helping patients to improve problematic interpersonal relationships or circumstances that are directly associated with the current mood episode will result in symptom reduction. Iteratively, improvement in mood will lead to additional spontaneous improvement in interpersonal functioning which, in turn, will lead to further reductions in mood symptoms. Thus, the primary goals of IPT treatment are symptom remission and improved interpersonal functioning.

Theoretical Rationale. IPT’s development was influenced by the interpersonal school of psychology and its leaders such as Harry Stack Sullivan and Adolf Meyer. Sullivan argued that psychopathology arose in the context of conflict between an individual and his primary social unit. Meyer extended Sullivan’s argument, drawing the distinction between the psychoanalytic focus on intra-psychic conflict as a primary locus of psychopathology versus an emphasis on interpersonal conflicts as the genesis of psychophathology in the interpersonal school. IPT also draws on the work of Frieda Fromm-Reichmann who emphasized the social roots of depression, Jerome Frank who articulated a sociocultural definition of psychotherapy, and attachment theorists such as John Bowlby.

Medical Model. IPT uses the medical model as a conceptual framework for patients’ mood symptoms. In the context of initiating IPT, the therapist conducts a psychiatric history and diagnoses a current episode of major depression according to DSM 5 criteria. The IPT therapist likens the depressive episode to other medical illnesses (“no different than asthma or diabetes or pneumonia”) and further explains that the patient has an inherited, biologic vulnerability to depression. Using the medical model as a framework, the IPT therapist stresses that it is not the patient’s “fault” for developing depression–any more than it is someone’s “fault” for developing pneumonia. Using a stress-diathesis model to explain the interaction between biological vulnerability and stressful life events, IPT further posits (and makes explicit to patients) that although individuals are not to blame for their illness, they are in an excellent position to help themselves recover from depression by attending to the interpersonal factors that may serve as triggers for the underlying biologic illness.

ATMs and information and payment terminals - Electronic cashier

Today, in the branches of many banks and other institutions, you can see not only ATMs, but also payment terminals. Previously, people did not have questions about the purpose of each of the devices and it was obvious that you could withdraw cash from an ATM, and replenish the card balance and pay for services at the terminal, but now everything has become much more complicated, because both of them began to perform many similar functions. Until now, in the queues for cars, you can see confused people who need the services of banking consultants.

Contents

1 What is an ATM?
2 Additional features
3 What makes the payment terminal different?
4 Differences between an ATM and an information and payment terminal
5 Related materials:

An ATM is a device through which you can withdraw cash from a bank card. When the user makes a request for their issuance, the device communicates via the Internet with the central server of the bank and requests the processing of this operation. If the required amount is available on the account, the operation is considered approved and the client receives his money. If the withdrawer is serviced by another bank, then when withdrawing cash from him, of course, they will take a certain percentage of the commission.

Additional functions

Among other things, ATMs today have an additional set of functions:

Balance check. In almost all ATMs, the client can request information about the balance of funds in his account. The balance of choice is displayed on the screen of the device or printed on the check.
Cash deposit. The device, due to the presence of a special module (not all devices have one), can accept cash and credit it to the card account. It should be noted that in order to prevent fraudulent activities, it will not be possible to immediately withdraw the deposited amount. Due to the need to install additional equipment in the device, ATMs with the ability to deposit cash are usually large in size relative to the rest.
Making payments. Often, ATMs have a module that is able to scan payment receipts and process the corresponding payments. Even if there is no such module, the user can select the payee manually and make the required payment. Thus, you can pay for communication services, Internet, utility bills and much more.
Credit transactions. Sometimes at ATMs there is the possibility of obtaining a loan. Of course, they won’t give it to anyone: the bank will be based on the information available about you.

How is the payment terminal different?

All terminals are divided into two groups.

Information and payment, containing several more functions. They are usually installed in banks.
The second ones are intended only for payments and nothing else. A payment terminal is much simpler than an ATM. Due to the absence of many functions, it does not require the presence of all kinds of modules, and therefore can take up much less space, but it also performs only one function - making payments.

Information and payment terminals often allow not only to deposit cash, but also withdraw it, as well as make transfers, connect all kinds of options and receive information on card statistics or tariffing for your service. When compared with services on the Internet, you can find similarities in the functionality of the information and payment terminal and online banking.

Differences between an ATM and an information and payment terminal

If we talk about differences in equipment, then it is worth noting the similarity of information and payment terminals with ATMs, so it is not particularly necessary to talk about their differences. The main one can be called the difference in the degree of security and protection of devices, because an ATM is many times more reliable not only programmatically, but also physically.

If you need to withdraw cash, make a cashless transfer or change the password of your card, then you should use an ATM, and if you deposit funds into your account, pay for services or simply read any information on the card, then contact the information and payment terminal.

Operating Instructions for the Information and Payment Terminal (IPT)

Terminals allow you to make payments using bank cards of Sberbank of Russia and in cash for the following services of St Petersburg University:

1. Educational services

2. Residential services

3. Communication services

4. Add. Educational services

5. Maintenance of pupils in a boarding school

Operation procedure

1. Specify which payment method you would like to use:

- For cash payment - touch the screen

- For payment by bank card - insert your card. You will be prompted to enter a PIN.

2. Select partition:

SEARCH FOR PAYMENT BENEFICIARY – to search for a payee by TIN or Name. In the first case, you will need to enter the TIN number of the payee (TIN 7801002274) , in the second - the keyword (St. Petersburg State University) , which will be searched.

In the window that opens, select the service you need:

1. St. Petersburg State University - Educational services

2. St. Petersburg State University - accommodation services

3. St. Petersburg State University - communication services

4. St. Petersburg State University - Add. Educational services

5. St. Petersburg State University - Maintenance of pupils in boarding school

3. Selection of payment data entry method.

At this stage, you will be asked to choose the payment data entry method, "Barcode" or "Manual Entry" Select "Manual Entry".

If your receipt for payment for services does not contain a barcode, then you must enter “0000…..” instead.

4. Enter payment data.

After selecting the payee, you must enter the following data on your payment, payment period, address, contract number, ID, full name. etc. To enter the address or surname of the payer, an alphanumeric keyboard will appear on the display of the IPT. Enter the required data (for example, Leninsky pr., 155-4 or Ivanov I. I.) and press the ENTER button . If you entered incorrect data, press the "RESET" button to correct them.

Enter the required details and click the CONTINUE button.

5. Verification of payment details :

After entering all the required data, a window will appear on the screen where you can check the correctness of the entered payment details, such as amount, recipient's name, payment period, etc.
Please note that in this window you are asked to save the payment details in your "My Account", which will allow you to make a faster payment next time (see "My Account" for details).
To make a payment, click the "CONTINUE" button.

6. Receipt printing.

7. Completion of work (when paying with a bank card) .
To return your bank card, select "END WORK".
To make the next payment, click "CONTINUE".

8. (when paying in cash). Delivery.
A message will appear on the screen saying that when paying your bill, there may be a balance of funds that can be transferred to your mobile phone account. To do this, click Continue.
To credit the amount in full to the account of the recipient you selected earlier, click "Add the entire amount to the account".

9. Selecting a mobile operator for transferring change.
Select the mobile operator you are interested in. The line you selected will be highlighted in black, to go to the next window, click the "Continue" button.

10. Data entry.
Enter the phone number to which you would like to transfer the balance after your main payment and click "CONTINUE".

11. Checking the details of the change recipient.
To confirm the correctness of the entered data for the change recipient, click "CONTINUE".

List of addresses where ATMs are located to pay for accommodation.

No.

Address

St. Petersburg, Mendeleevskaya line, 5 (Faculty of History)

St. Petersburg, Volkhovskoy per., 3 (Graduate School of Management)

St. Petersburg, emb. Makarova, d. 6 (Faculty of Psychology)

St. Petersburg, 1st line, 26 (Faculty of Journalism)

St. Petersburg, Sredny pr., 41 (Faculty of Geography and Geoecology)

St. Petersburg, 10th line, 31-33 (Faculty of Journalism)

St. Petersburg, 14th line, 29 (Mathematics and Mechanics Faculty)

St. Petersburg, pr.Dekabristov, 16 (Geological Faculty)

St. Petersburg, Bolshoy pr., 71 (Faculty of Law)

St. Petersburg, 21st line, 8 (Medical Faculty)

St. Petersburg, st. Tchaikovsky d.28 (Faculty of Law)

St. Petersburg, st. Tchaikovsky d.62 (Department of Economics)

St. Petersburg, st. Tavricheskaya, d. 21-23-25 (Department of Economics)

St. Petersburg, st. Smolny, 1/3 entrance 8 (Faculty of International Relations)

St. Petersburg, st. Smolny, 1/3 entrance 9 (Faculty of Sociology)

St. Petersburg, st. Smolny, 1/3 entrance 7 (Faculty of Political Science)

St. Petersburg, 9-line, 2/11 (Faculty of Philology)

St. Petersburg, 10th line, 49 (Faculty of Philology)

St. Petersburg, 6th line, 11 (Faculty of Law)

St. Petersburg, Universitetskaya nab., 11 (Faculty of Philology)

St. Petersburg, Universitetskaya emb., 7/9 (Building of the Twelve Colleges)

St. Petersburg, Universitetskaya emb., 7/9 (Administrative building)

St. Petersburg, 22nd line, 7 (Faculty of Law)

Saint Petersburg, St. Peterhof, Universitetsky pr., 26 (Chemical Faculty)

St. Peterhof, Universitetskiy pr., 35 (Faculty of PM-PU)

Saint Petersburg, St. Peterhof, Universitetsky pr., 28 (Mathematics and Mechanics Faculty)

St. Petersburg, St. Peterhof, Ulyanovsk st. 3 (Physics Faculty)

St. Petersburg, St. Peterhof, Botanicheskaya st., 17 (Biology and Soil Faculty)

St. Petersburg, St. Peterhof, Oranienbaumskoe sh., 2, building 4 (Biology and Soil Faculty)

St. Petersburg, St. Peterhof, Botanicheskaya st., 66, building 2 (Student campus)

St.

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