Sign and symptoms of add
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) - Symptoms
Symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
The symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) can be categorised into 2 types of behavioural problems:
- inattentiveness (difficulty concentrating and focusing)
- hyperactivity and impulsiveness
Many people with ADHD have problems that fall into both these categories, but this is not always the case.
For example, around 2 to 3 in 10 people with the condition have problems with concentrating and focusing, but not with hyperactivity or impulsiveness.
This form of ADHD is also known as attention deficit disorder (ADD). ADD can sometimes go unnoticed because the symptoms may be less obvious.
ADHD is more often diagnosed in boys than girls. Girls are more likely to have symptoms of inattentiveness only, and are less likely to show disruptive behaviour that makes ADHD symptoms more obvious. This means girls who have ADHD may not always be diagnosed.
Symptoms in children and teenagers
The symptoms of ADHD in children and teenagers are well defined, and they're usually noticeable before the age of 6. They occur in more than 1 situation, such as at home and at school.
Children may have symptoms of both inattentiveness and hyperactivity and impulsiveness, or they may have symptoms of just 1 of these types of behaviour.
Inattentiveness (difficulty concentrating and focusing)
The main signs of inattentiveness are:
- having a short attention span and being easily distracted
- making careless mistakes – for example, in schoolwork
- appearing forgetful or losing things
- being unable to stick to tasks that are tedious or time-consuming
- appearing to be unable to listen to or carry out instructions
- constantly changing activity or task
- having difficulty organising tasks
Hyperactivity and impulsiveness
The main signs of hyperactivity and impulsiveness are:
- being unable to sit still, especially in calm or quiet surroundings
- constantly fidgeting
- being unable to concentrate on tasks
- excessive physical movement
- excessive talking
- being unable to wait their turn
- acting without thinking
- interrupting conversations
- little or no sense of danger
These symptoms can cause significant problems in a child's life, such as underachievement at school, poor social interaction with other children and adults, and problems with discipline.
Related conditions in children and teenagers with ADHD
Although not always the case, some children may also have signs of other problems or conditions alongside ADHD, such as:
- anxiety disorder – which causes your child to worry and be nervous much of the time; it may also cause physical symptoms, such as a rapid heartbeat, sweating and dizziness
- oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) – this is defined by negative and disruptive behaviour, particularly towards authority figures, such as parents and teachers
- conduct disorder – this often involves a tendency towards highly antisocial behaviour, such as stealing, fighting, vandalism and harming people or animals
- depression
- sleep problems – finding it difficult to get to sleep at night, and having irregular sleeping patterns
- autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) – this affects social interaction, communication, interests and behaviour
- dyspraxia – a condition that affects physical co-ordination
- epilepsy – a condition that affects the brain and causes repeated fits or seizures
- Tourette's syndrome – a condition of the nervous system, characterised by a combination of involuntary noises and movements (tics)
- learning difficulties – such as dyslexia
Symptoms in adults
In adults, the symptoms of ADHD are more difficult to define.
This is largely due to a lack of research into adults with ADHD.
As ADHD is a developmental disorder, it's believed it cannot develop in adults without it first appearing during childhood. But symptoms of ADHD in children and teenagers often continue into adulthood.
The way in which inattentiveness, hyperactivity and impulsiveness affect adults can be very different from the way they affect children.
For example, hyperactivity tends to decrease in adults, while inattentiveness tends to remain as the pressures of adult life increase.
Adult symptoms of ADHD also tend to be far more subtle than childhood symptoms.
Some specialists have suggested the following as a list of symptoms associated with ADHD in adults:
- carelessness and lack of attention to detail
- continually starting new tasks before finishing old ones
- poor organisational skills
- inability to focus or prioritise
- continually losing or misplacing things
- forgetfulness
- restlessness and edginess
- difficulty keeping quiet, and speaking out of turn
- blurting out responses and often interrupting others
- mood swings, irritability and a quick temper
- inability to deal with stress
- extreme impatience
- taking risks in activities, often with little or no regard for personal safety or the safety of others – for example, driving dangerously
Related conditions in adults with ADHD
As with ADHD in children and teenagers, ADHD in adults can occur alongside several related problems or conditions.
One of the most common is depression. Other conditions that adults may have alongside ADHD include:
- personality disorders – conditions in which an individual differs significantly from the average person in terms of how they think, perceive, feel or relate to others
- bipolar disorder – a condition affecting your mood, which can swing from one extreme to another
- obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) – a condition that causes obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviour
The behavioural problems associated with ADHD can also cause problems such as difficulties with relationships and social interaction.
Page last reviewed: 24 December 2021
Next review due: 24 December 2024
What's the Difference Between ADD & ADHD
Written by Kelli Miller
Your child daydreams a lot at school and is easily distracted when they are doing homework or chores.
Maybe they fidget constantly. You might wonder if they have attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Or is it attention deficit disorder (ADD)?
Is there a difference?
Not anymore. In 1994, doctors decided all forms of attention-deficit disorder would be called "attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder," or ADHD, even if the person wasn't hyperactive. Now it's called , inattentive type, or ADHD, hyperactive/impulsive type, or ADHD, combined type.
Which term is right for your family to use depends on your child's specific symptoms and diagnosis. It's important to talk with an experienced mental health provider to make sure your child gets the right diagnosis.
Daydreamer or Fidgeter?
ADHD is a brain-based disorder. It can interfere with your child's everyday activities at home and at school. Kids who have it have trouble paying attention and controlling their behavior, and are sometimes hyperactive.
Before they are diagnosed, you will want to note your child's symptoms.
The CDC offers an ADHD checklist for children that may help you keep track of them.
Here are the signs to look for:
- Inattention: Includes disorganization, problems staying on task, constant daydreaming, and not paying attention when spoken to directly.
- Impulsivity: Includes spur-of-the-moment decisions without thinking about the chance of harm or long-term effects. They act quickly to get an immediate reward. They may regularly interrupt teachers, friends, and family.
- Hyperactivity: Involves squirming, fidgeting, tapping, talking, and constant movement, especially in situations where it's not appropriate.
Mental health professionals in the United States use the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) to diagnose all psychiatric conditions, including ADHD. The latest version divides it into three types:
- ADHD predominantly inattentive presentation (what used to be called ADD)
- ADHD predominantly hyperactive-impulsive presentation
- ADHD combined presentation (both inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive symptoms)
Your child's diagnosis will depend on their specific symptoms.
ADHD Predominantly Inattentive Presentation
Kids with this condition aren't hyperactive. They don't have the high energy level seen in others with ADHD. In fact, children with this form may seem shy or "in their own world."
ADD is diagnosed if a child under age 16 has 6 or more symptoms of inattention (5 or more for older teens) for at least 6 consecutive months but no signs of hyperactivity/impulsivity.
The symptoms include:
- Trouble paying attention (easily sidetracked)
- Doesn't like or avoids long mental tasks (such as homework)
- Trouble staying on task during school, at home, or even at play
- Disorganized and seems forgetful
- Doesn't appear to listen when directly spoken to
- Doesn't pay close attention to details
- Loses things often
- Makes careless mistakes
- Struggles to follow through with instructions
Children with this subtype of ADHD may go undiagnosed because the symptoms may be chalked up to daydreaming.
ADHD Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive Presentation
Children with this form of ADHD have tons of energy and are constantly moving in a way that causes problems. It's diagnosed if a child under age 16 has 6 or more hyperactive/impulsive symptoms for at least 6 months (5 or more for older teens). This form is more noticeable than the inattentive type.
Symptoms include:
- Blurting out answers before a question is finished
- Constantly interrupting others
- Trouble waiting for their turn
- Talks too much
- Fidgeting, tapping, and squirming
- Gets up when it's not appropriate (such as when the teacher is talking or in the middle of dinner)
- Running or climbing in inappropriate situations
- Unable to play quietly
- Always "on the go"
ADHD Combined Presentation
A child with this type has symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity.
Omicron: symptoms and signs of the disease
Appearing in Botswana, through South Africa and Hong Kong, a new strain of SARS-CoV-2, named after the 17th letter of the Greek alphabet "omicron", is already in Russia.
Along with a new type of coronavirus, a large amount of conflicting information has appeared about it, about its symptoms, about who can get infected and who cannot. Below we will try to systematize all the information available to date.
"Omicron" - a new strain of coronavirus
The first mention of "omicron" for the general public was recorded on November 24, then it was just a new strain, first described on November 11 by South African virologists. But already on November 26, the World Health Organization assigns it a separate "proper" name - the name of the 15th letter of the Greek alphabet, by publishing a statement that was the result of a meeting, moreover, an emergency one.
From this moment on, the whole world begins to monitor SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant (B.1.1.529), the new strain is rapidly infecting not only the inhabitants of South Africa, Botswana and Hong Kong, but also most of the world's news feeds.
Omicron strain
Traditionally, in the information vacuum there are many versions, conjectures and opinions, often completely unverifiable. After reports that the latest variant of the coronavirus infection was recognized by the WHO as “of concern”, such a vacuum has also formed around SARS-CoV-2 (B.1.1.529).
In a commentary to the British Daily Mail, Francois Balloux, director of the Institute of Genetics at the University of California (UCLA) in Los Angeles and professor of computational biology at University College London (University College London) suggested that a virus that has more than 32 mutations in the spike protein (according to other sources - more than 50), more than any other variant, had the ability to mutate in an immunocompromised person, possibly weakened by AIDS, (dailymail.co.uk, 12/24/2021). nine0005
In the situation of the emergence of a new threat, some experts "exaggerated", there were even comparisons of "omicron" with Ebola.
This, in particular, was stated by the head of the WMA (The World Medical Association - World Medical Association) Frank Ulrich Montgomery, commenting on the spread rate of the new version of SARS-CoV-2 (RIA Novosti, Berlin, 11/27/2021).
Later, Ancha Baranova, Doctor of Biology, professor at the School of Systems Biology at George Mason University (USA, Virginia), commenting on her colleague’s assessment of the TASS agency, doubted the accuracy of such a comparison, pointing out the presence of symptoms that she described as “strange, but not terrible” ( TASS, November 28, 2021)
Features of the SARS-CoV-2 strain (B.1.1.529)
The most obvious difference between "omicron" at the initial stage was the speed of its spread, the reason for which later turned out to be the ability of the new strain to bypass the body's immune defenses.
As SARS-CoV-2 (B.1.1.529) was studied, scientists identified a large number of novice mutations, the number of which exceeded 50 species when compared with the original type.
Most of these mutations were found in the gene that encodes the virus spike protein, which, in turn, is used by most vaccines as the basis: it is by this that the immune system determines that the body is infected (Lenta.ru, 11/27/2021). nine0005
The third important difference of "omicron", which explains the speed of spread - the ability to "contactless" infection. The Lenta.ru publication, citing TASS, describes a case of infection in Hong Kong: a group of people fell ill with COVID-19 without having contact with the carrier, only after walking down the corridor behind him (Lenta.ru, 11/28/2021).
Another difference: a high percentage of omicron infection in fully vaccinated people. Several versions have appeared about this: some experts argued that the cause was a significant change in the virus compared to the first variants, and our vaccine-activated antibodies “do not recognize” the new type of SARS-CoV-2. nine0005
Others, however, considered the cause of the failure to be the presence of a protein in the “omicron”, which is in the body and passes off a foreign agent as “its own”, thus bypassing the immune defense.
Omicron symptoms
In reports of signs of infection with a new variant of the coronavirus at the initial stage, different versions also appeared.
Angelique Coetze, head of the Medical Association of South Africa, who was the first to put forward the version of the new strain, noted the presence of a large number of infected people who do not experience loss of smell or taste (which has already been noted after the appearance of the Indian delta strain - approx. OTV), but complaining of severe fatigue, (“Lenta.ru”, quoting TASS, 12/27/2021). nine0005
Later, the same symptom: “monstrous fatigue,” Anchar Baranova called the main sign of infection with SARS-CoV-2 (B.1.1.529) in her telegram channel (TASS, 01.12.2021).
However, the manifestation of the disease after infection with a new version of the coronavirus may also include the “old”, habitual symptoms described in earlier strains. Amir Khan, an internist and senior lecturer at the Leeds School of Medicine at the University of Bradford in the UK, among the symptoms noted in his patients, named the following: nine0005
- high temperature,
- headache,
- runny nose,
- dry cough,
- loss of smell and taste,
- fatigue and ache.
The above symptoms were named on the air of the British television show Lorraine, aired on ITV.
With the emergence of more people infected with "omicron", the experts began to add new symptoms to the "piggy bank". Thus, TASS quoted the British Daily Star, which reported an increase in cases of profuse sweating in those infected with "omicron" at night (TASS, 19.12.2021).
Why Omicron is dangerous
The greatest concerns expressed by experts after the emergence of a new strain are associated with the high rate of spread of the virus. While the course of the disease in most cases is mild, this factor does not look dangerous, but with further mutations, the situation may change. Angelique Coetze, head of the Medical Association of South Africa, called the main danger the possibility of spreading infection among the elderly and unvaccinated, in these cases the likelihood of a severe course of the disease is high, the expert believes (TASS, 11/27/2021) nine0005
Currently, diametrically opposed versions of the development of events are being put forward: some experts believe that Omicron is mutating to a common cold, others argue that the death rate from the new strain will only increase (MK, 12/20/2021).
The deteriorating situation in the omicron context raises serious concerns. The other day there were reports that after recovery there is a risk of death. The Lenta.ru publication published the words of biologist Anchar Baranova, who spoke about the metabolic depletion of those who had been ill with a new form of coronavirus. nine0005
In the publication, the professor points out the possibility of exacerbation of chronic diseases in elderly patients, coupled with metabolic depletion, which can lead to complications and even death. Young recovered patients are more likely to cope with the metabolic crisis, the scientist believes (Lenta, 12/20/2021).
According to RIA Novosti, in the first decade of February 2022, two previously unseen varieties of the omicron coronavirus strain were discovered in Poland. This was announced by Deputy Minister of Health Waldemar Kraska on the air of Polish Radio. At the moment, there is no data on their effect on the course of the disease, however, the signal is alarming - in the future, other sub-options are to be expected, the properties of which may be more dangerous than those known today.
nine0005
Mortality from "omicron"
On December 3, the World Health Organization announced the identification of a new strain in 38 countries, but the dominant distribution variant is still "delta".
On December 6, WHO reported that there was no data on the mortality rate for those infected with the SARS-CoV-2 strain (B.1.1.529). Commenting on this message, experts warned against premature optimistic conclusions, pointing out that the number of infected does not exceed several hundred people. nine0005
According to RIA Novosti, to date, 30 people have been infected with omicron in Russia, and no one has had a severe course of the disease. A little later, there were reports of 41 infected. In other countries, the situation is much less optimistic, deaths have been recorded.
The first reports of an omicron victim in the UK appeared on 14 December. A week later, the number of victims of the new strain reached 12 people.
Today, infection with this strain accounts for more than 85% of all cases on the islands, according to the online publication INFOX.ru. nine0005
An information message that the first death from the SARS-CoV-2 (B.1.1.529) strain was recorded in the United States appeared on the air of the ABC TV channel today, December 21, Rossiyskaya Gazeta reports with reference to the abcnews channel website. go.com. The victim of the new version of the virus was a 50-year-old resident of Texas. It is reported that he was not vaccinated, in addition, he experienced health problems that could complicate the course of the disease.
In some states, the rate of infection with a new strain of coronavirus exceeds 70-73%, the ABC TV channel notes. nine0005
Omicron vaccine efficacy
While vaccination continues to be the most effective way to combat SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe COVID-19, vaccines that have proven effective against earlier strains of the coronavirus, such as the Delta or Brazilian variant, have seriously failed.
in front of the "omicron", says the virologist of the NICEM them. N. F. Gamalei Alexander Butenko, whose opinion is shared by the journalists of radio Sputnik, (RIA, 12/21/2021). nine0005
The good news is that the Sputnik V vaccine has shown itself to be the most effective against all existing variants of the virus among other anti-covid vaccines, which means that there will be a higher chance of protection against Omicron, said Kirill Dmitriev, head of the RDIF, in an interview with Izvestia (IZ.RU, 09.12 .2021).
Coronavirus - symptoms, signs, general information - Polyclinic news - News
DUPLICATED VISUAL INFORMATION0111
Coronavirus is a disease that affects the human respiratory system.
Where did the coronavirus come from?
The spread of the COVID-19 virus began in the Chinese city of Wuhan. Last year there was a powerful outbreak of this disease.
According to the latest data, about 7 million cases of coronavirus infection have been detected in the world today.
Important: in Russia, 12,053,633 people have been tested for coronavirus. Fortunately, most of the samples were not confirmed. Got sick 449834 and 212,680 patients have already recovered.
How the coronavirus is transmitted.
Airborne droplets (coughs and sneezes). By contact (through touch).
The virus can be transmitted through subway railings, doorknobs and other surfaces.
Symptoms and signs of coronavirus in humans Important: Similar symptoms occur in patients with SARS or influenza. If they are found, you should immediately consult a doctor to receive medical care and exclude coronavirus. nine0111
- High temperature
- Labored breathing
- Sneezing, coughing and nasal congestion
- Muscle and chest pains
- Headache and weakness
- Possible nausea, vomiting and diarrhea
Stay at home and see a doctor if:
- You have been in contact with someone who has COVID-19
- Returned from a country with an outbreak nine0052 If you have a fever, cough and shortness of breath
Coronavirus prevention:
Wash your hands
Always wash your hands: when you arrive at work or return home.
For prevention, wet wipes or disinfectant solutions are also suitable.
Do not touch your face with your hands
Keep your hands away from your nose and eyes. The fastest way the virus enters the body is through the mucous membrane. Always cover yourself with a tissue when you sneeze. nine0005
Avoid large crowds
Avoid unnecessary travel and do not go to crowded places.
Cancel travel
While different countries of the world are struggling with the corona virus, you should not travel abroad. Especially where the situation with the coronavirus is extremely difficult.
Forewarned is forearmed:
Reliable information about the coronavirus is posted on the websites of Stopcoronavirus.RF, the Russian Ministry of Health, Rospotrebnadzor and the World Health Organization.
Do not trust unverified sources and do not panic. nine0005
8 800 2000 112 Hot line Stopcoronavirus
800 800 200 0 200 Hot Line of the Ministry of Health of Russia 1
Rosminzdrav.ru/hotline hot lines of the bodies 9000 9000 9000 of the recommendation for the Prosecutor's Environmental Administration those aged 60 or over
The novel coronavirus infection is transmitted from a sick person to a healthy person through close contact. When a person sneezes or coughs near you. When droplets of mucus from the mouth and nose of the patient fall on the surface, which you are touching. nine0005
Silver age people over 60 are at particular risk. It is in the elderly that, due to the load on the immune system, complications are possible, including such dangerous ones as viral pneumonia. These complications can lead to the most unfortunate outcomes.
It is important to keep your health!
Try to visit public places less often. Use public transport as little as possible, especially during rush hours. Reduce visits to shops and shopping centers, MFCs, banks. nine0005
Ask your loved ones or social workers to help pay utility bills, purchase food or necessary goods remotely.
If your relatives have returned from abroad and they have symptoms of a cold - limit contacts with them and urgently demand that they seek medical help. Your wise advice will help keep you healthy You and your family!
Wash your hands often with soap, hygiene is very important for your health. nine0111 Wash them after returning from the street, from public places, after contact with packages from stores, before preparing food. Do not touch your face, mouth, nose and eyes with dirty hands - this is how the virus can enter your body.
Stock up on disposable paper tissues.
Cover your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing and discard the tissue immediately after use.
Use wet wipes for disinfection. Use them to wipe bags, phones, books and other items that were with you in public places and in transport. nine0005
If you fall ill or feel unwell (not only due to cold symptoms, but also due to other health problems, such as pressure) - do not go to the clinic, but call a doctor at home.
If you have a cold and some of your loved ones have traveled abroad in the last 2 weeks, be sure to tell your doctor about it. He will order a test for a new coronavirus infection.
Follow your doctor's advice carefully for the treatment of your chronic diseases.
Prevention of COVID-19 in organizations
Recommendations for organizations:
DEVELOP A SCHEDULE FOR ENTRY OF STAFF TO THE WORKPLACE IN SMALL GROUPS TO PREVENT CLOUDS OF PEOPLE IN ENTRY POINTS
AIR DISINFECTION (air recirculators, bactericidal UV irradiators), regular ventilation of rooms
Regular treatment of surfaces with an antiseptic
Compliance with hygiene measures: frequent hand washing with soap or wiping them with an individual skin antiseptic
Refuse to exclude or reduce your employees' trips to other countries
Unified Contact Center number: 8 (87934 ) 4-25-30
Making an appointment, calling a doctor, reference information.
